Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1.Ans

Major Elements in the above automotive wiring diagram are:

1.Battery

2.breaker

3.starter

4. Ignition Coil

5.generator

6.Distributor

7. Current & Voltage Regulator

8. Foot Selector Switch

9. Ammeter Fuse

2Ans.

(1) electric motor

purpose:

An electric motor is a device which converts the electrical energy into the mechanical energy.

working:

When a charged particle moves through space, it creates a magnetic field. We can assume electric flow through a conductor to be electrons moving through it. So, a magnetic field will be generated due to the conductor interacting with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. This interaction can either be an attraction or a repulsion.The direction of magnetic field generated due to the conductor depends on the flow of current. which are perpendicular to the permanent magnetic field, and the current flow is opposite in them, they will experience equal and opposite force.Hence, it will create a torque on the armature, and it will start rotating. This is how the armature inside the motor rotates around its axis.

(2)Breaker:

Purpose:

A circuit breaker is an electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by

overcurrent/overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after protective relays detect a fault.

Working:

There are two essential contacts in a circuit breaker, and they are:

1.Fixed contacts

2. Moving contacts

When the circuit is closed, which is a normal condition, the contacts touch each other and carry the current under this condition. Under a closed circuit breaker, current-carrying contacts are known as electrodes that engage each other due to the pressure of a spring.The switching and maintenance of the system are taken care of by either opening or closing the arms of the circuit breaker. The circuit breaker is opened by applying pressure to the trigger. When there is a faulty current flowing through any part of the system, the trip coil of the breaker gets energized thereby moving away from each other, thus opening the circuit

(3) battery

Purpose:

Batteries are the most common power source for basic handheld devices to large scale industrial applications. A battery can be defined as; it is a combination of one or more electrochemical cells that are capable of converting stored chemical energy into electrical energy.

Working:

battery is a device, which consists of a various voltaic cells. Each voltaic cell consists of two half cells connected in series by a conductive electrolyte holding anions and cat ions. One half-cell includes electrolyte and the electrode to which anions move, i.e. the anode or negative electrode; the other half-cell includes electrolyte and the electrode to which cat ions move, i.e. the cathode or positive electrode.

In the redox reaction that powers the battery, reduction occurs to cations at the cathode, while oxidation occurs to anions at the anode. The electrodes do not touch one another but are electrically connected by the electrolyte. Mostly the half cells have different electrolytes. All things considered every half-cell is enclosed in a container and a separator that is porous to ions but not the bulk of the electrolytes prevent mixing.

3.Ans

Power = Voltage * Current

P=VI

Battery Voltage = 12 V

Power = 12*10 = 120 Watt

Fuse Rating is 25% More than actual Power Rating

Power for Fuse Rating = 120 * 1.25 = 150watt

I =P/V = 150/12 = 12.5 A

There for Fuse Rating for 10A load should Be 12.5Ampere

4.Ans

Power=500 watt

Voltage=12V

Power =Voltage *Current

P=VI

Current (I)=P/V

=500 watt/12V = 41.67 A

Capacity (Q) =Current * Time

Q=IT

=41.67*1 Hr = 41.67 AH

5.Ans

(A)Generator

(B)Current and Voltage Regulator

As per the above image Generator with current voltage and regulator are connected in parallel, if two are more components are connected in parallel they have the same potential voltage difference across their end.

6.Ans

Battery: Connected in series with high voltage to improve the and energy efficiency and drivability.

Starter: Starter connected in series With Battery because same current Flows through them.