Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1.Ans

>Starter

>Battery

>Distributer

>Ammeter

>Generatior

>Junction box

>Breaker

>Fuse

>Foot selector switch

2.Ans

Battery-

Purpose-Batteries are small essential components to operate many devices. Its one of the key components in our day-to-day life. Some batteries are rechargeable batteries and are used in each and every sector. Below are some of the applications of batteries.

>Automotive

>House

>Health Instruments

>Medical

>Logistics and construction

>Firefighting and emergency

>Military

Electric Vehicle Battery is commonly used in vehicles. This battery is used to power the electric motor of electric vehicles. The batteries of electric vehicles are usually rechargeable. Generally, lithium-ion batteries are used in electric vehicles.

Working-

A battery is a device thatt stoers chemica energy and converts it to electric energy.

the chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material to another, through an external circuit.

The flow of electrons provides on electric current that can be used to do work.

To balance the flow of electrons, charged ions also flow through an electrolyte solution that is in contact with both electrodes.

Different elctrodes and electrolytes prduce different chemical reactions that affect hwo the battery works, how much energy it can store and its voltage.

Generator-

Its also called a dynamo, it converts mechanical energy into electricty for transmission and distribution over power lines to domestic, commercial and industrial customers. Generators also produce the electrical power required fo r

>Automobiles

>aircraft

>ships

>trains

Working-

Generators don't actually create electricity. Instead they convert mechanical or chemical energy into electrical energy. they do this by capturing the power of motion and turning it into electrical energy by forcing electons from the external source through an electrical circuit. A generator is essentially an electric motor working in reverse.

Some electrical generators, such as those at Hoover Dam, for example, are huge and provide enormous amounts of energy by transferring the power created by water turning turbines into electricity. Residential and commercial generators however are much smaller ad rely on more traditional fuel sources like diesel, gas and propane to create mechanical power that can then be forced into a circuit and induce an electrical current.

Fuse-

purpose-

The fuse breaks the circuit if a fault in an appliance causes too much current to flow. This protects the wiring and the appliance if something gones wrong. The fuse contains a piece of wire that melts easily. If the current going through the guse is too great the wire heats up until it melts and breaks the circuit.

Acts as a barrier between the electric circuit and the human body

Prevents device failure due to fault circuit operation

The fuse prevents short crcuits

Prevents overload and blackouts

Prevents damage that is caused ude to mismathced loads

The markings on the fuse carry information such as the Ampere rating, voltage rating nd interruption rating.

Working-

The fuses work on the principle of the heating effect of the current. Its made up of thein strip or strand of metallic wire with non-cmbustible material. This is connected between the ends of the terminals. Fuse is always connected in serie withthe electrical circuit.

When the excessive current or heat is generated due to heavy current flows in the circuit, the fuse melts down due tho the low melting point of the element and it opens the circuit. The excessive flow may lead to the breakdown of wire and stops the flow of current. The fuse can be replaced or changed with the new one with suitable ratings. The fuse can be made up of the element like zinc, copper, silver & aluminum. They also act as a circuit breaker which is used t break the circuit when the sudden fault occurs in the circuit. This is not only a protectro but it is also used as a safety measure to prevent humans from hazards. So this is how the fuse operates.

3.Ans

We can use 13A fuse for above given question

4.Ans

Capacity = load x time

Load given = 500watt

Time = 24hours

average of voltage = 12v

Capacity = 500 x 24 = 12000wh

Amp-hrs = Watt-hours / Volts = 12000/12=1000AH

5.Ans

As per the above image Generator with current voltage and regulator are connected in parallel if two are more components are connected in parallel they have the same differential of potential voltage across their ends.

6.Ans

As per the above image battery and starter are in series to each other because same current flows through them.