Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
Ans 1. Major elements are :- a) Distributor b) Breaker c) Ignition Coil d) Starter
e) Battery f) Ammeter g) Generator h) Fuse
i) Current & Voltage Regulator j) Foot selector switch
Ans 2. FUSE
Purpose of fuse : - a) The fuse safely Gaurds the circuit and the appliances connected in the circuit from being damaged if the current in the circuit exceeds the specified value due to voltage variation or voltage fluctuation or short circuiting
b)Acts as a barrier between the electric circuit and the human body
c)Prevents device failure due to faulty circuit operation
d) The fuse prevents short circuits
e) Prevents overload and blackouts
f)Prevents damage that is caused due to mismatched loads
Working of fuse :- The fuses work on the principle of the heating effect of the current. It’s made up of thin strip or strand of metallic wire. This wire is connected between the ends of the terminals. Fuse is always connected in series with the electrical circuit.
When the excessive current or heat is generated due to heavy current flows in the circuit, the fuse melts down due to the low melting point of the element and it opens the circuit. The excessive flow may lead to the breakdown of wire and stops the flow of current. The fuse can be replaced or changed with the new one as per rating required. The fuse can be made up of the element like zinc, copper, silver & aluminum. They also act as a circuit breaker which is used to break the circuit when the sudden fault occurs in the circuit.
GENERATOR
Purpose of Generator :- A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy or electric power for use in external circuit and for transmisson and distribution over power lines to domestic, commercial and industrial customers. Generators also produce the electrical power required for automobiles, aircraft, ships, etc. Steam turbines, gas turbines, water turbines, IC engine, wind turbines are use as sources of mechanical energy
Working of Generator :- An electric generator works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The electric generator generates magnetic fields with electric current through a coil or a wire. So, by moving a magnet around a coil of wire, or moving a coil of wire around a magnet, the process pushes the electrons in the wire and creates an electrical current.
Battery
Purpose of Battery :- Batteries are small essential components to operate many devices. Some batteries are rechargeable batteries and are used in each and every sector. Some of the major application where battery is used:- Automotive, House, Health Instruments, Medical, Firefighting and Emergency, Military and Logistics-Construction etc. But now also Battery is commonly used in Electric vehicles. This battery is used to power the electric motors of electric vehicles. The batteries of electric vehicles are usually rechargeable. Generally, lithium-ion batteries are used in electric vehicles.
Working of Battery :- a)A battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. b) The chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material (electrode) to another, through an external circuit. c) The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work. d) To balance the flow of electrons, charged ions also flow through an electrolyte solution that is in contact with both electrodes. e) Different electrodes and electrolytes produce different chemical reactions that affect how the battery works, how much energy it can store and its voltage.