Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1.Identify each of the major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram:

1. Battery
2. Generator
3. Starter
4. Distributor
5. Voltage and Current regulator
6. Fuse
7. Ground
8. Lamp

2.Explain the purpose and working of any three elements briefly:

1.Battery:

Battery is used to provide power (current ) as in the above diagram. Battery consists of two ends anode and cathode due to the chemical reaction between thenm the electron will flow from one end to another end . This flow of electron can be used to light a bulb or any other work.The battery conver chemical energy into mechanical energy.

2.Generator

The generator generates electricity to recharge the battery and power all electrical equipment in the vehicle. A car generator is a dynamo. It is able to produce electricity through the rotation of tightly wound fine wires in a magnetic field. This magnetic field is maintained by a fixed arrangement of magnets or electromagnets surrounding the spinning windings of wire. The current and voltage produced depends on the speed at which the wires spin and the strength of the magnetic field.

3.Ammeter:

Ammeter is a device used to measure the current.It can measure both alternating and direct current.Ammeter is always connected in series so as to measure the current flowing through the circuit.When a shunt resistance of very low value is connected in parallel with a basic galvanometer, it becomes an ammeter and can be used to measure current in the circuit.

3.If the total load is 10A from battery, what should be the fuse rating?

Fuse rating should be slightly higher than the load rating so for 10A load from battery the fuse rating should be 15A. (Fuse rating differs for different appliances and is provided by the manufacturers)

4.If 500W is the load, what is the voltage and capacity of battery you recommend?

For 500W load for 24 hours, the battery recommendation is 12 V, 1000Ah (I = P/V = 500/12 = 41.667A) For 24hours, capacity = 41.667*24 = 1000Ah

5.Identify any two elements which are connected parallel to each other. Why they are connected in parallel?

Two elements which are connected in parallel are,
Lamps(Tail stop light, Beam light, Plate light, Parking Lamp)
Horn
Reason: These elements are connected in parallel so that failure of one element will not affect the others while they receive same Voltage.

6.Identify any two elements which are connected in series. Why they are connected in series?

Two elements which are connected in series are,
Fuse Ammeter