Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
1. Identify each of the major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram.
Answer : Major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram : Generator, Current and voltage regulator, Ammeter, Battery, Ignition Coil , Fuse , foot selector switch, Breaker and Light switch etc.
2. Explain the purpose and working of any three elements briefly.
Answer : 1, Fuse : The primary purpose of an electrical fuse is to protect electrical equipment from excessive current and to prevent short circuits or mismatched loads its acts as miniature circuit breakers. working of fuse : Electric fuse is based on a principle of heating effect of electric current, heat is produced when current flows in the wire. when heat production is more due to excessive flow of current , it melts the fuse wich normally has a low melting point and breks the circuit.
2, Battery : The primary purpose of A battery is store chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. Batteries mainly provide backup power during a power outage. its acts like a devices accept, store, and release electricity on demand. working of Battery : A battery works on the oxidation and reduction reaction of an electrolyte with metals. When two dissimilar metallic substances, called electrode, are placed in a diluted electrolyte, oxidation and reduction reaction take place in the electrodes respectively depending upon the electron affinity of the metal of the electrodes. As a result of the oxidation reaction, one electrode gets negatively charged called cathode and due to the reduction reaction, another electrode gets positively charged called anode.
3, Ignition coil : The primary purpose of ignition coil is transforms the battery's voltage to the thousands of volts needed to create an electric spark in the spark plugs to ignite the fuel in automobile's ignition system. working of Ignition coil : Ignition coil mainly consists of primary winding, secondary winding and an iron core. When the current through the primary winding makes and breaks repeatedly by contact breaker, it induces a very high voltage in the secondary winding and this high voltage used to spark plugs
3. If the total load is 10A from battery, what should be the fuse rating?
Given data : Battery voltage : 12V, Total load is 10A
Fuse rating = (P*1.5)/V = ((12*10)*1.5)/12 =(180/12)=15A
Fuse Rating = 15 A
As we know fuse rating hase to be more than Load so we can use 11A,12A,13A,14A,15A fuse.
4.If 500W is the load, what is the voltage and capacity of battery you recommend?
Given data : Total load is 10A and Power: 500W
V=P/I =500/10 =50 Volt C = I*T =10*1 = 10Ah
Voltage and Capacity for this battery should be 50V and 10Ah
If we consider 12 volt battery as given data :
I = P/V = 500/12 = 41.6=42A & C = I*T =42*1 = 42 Ah
Voltage and Capacity for this battery should be 12V and 42Ah
5.Identify any two elements which are connected parallel to each other. Why they are connected in parallel?
Answer: 1 -Every light is connected in a parallel combination example Tail stop lamp.
2 - Horns are connected in parallel combination , 3 -Generator is connected with current and voltage regulater in parallel combination.
Reason:Mostly, switches, Outlet receptacles and light points etc are connected in parallel to maintain the power supply to other electrical devices and appliances through hot and neutral wire in case if one of them gets fail.
6. Identify any two elements which are connected in series. Why they are connected in series?
Answer: 1. Fuse is connected in series and it acts like safety circute braker to save next components. 2.Ammeter is connected in series, Ammeter is a device which measures the amount of current flowing in a circuit. 3.Ignition coil is connected in series as its continuous working line .