Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
Que-1
Ans:- Battery, Starter, Generator, Current, Voltage Regulator, Fuse, Breaker, Distributor, Ignition Switch, Ignition Coil, Ammeter.
Que-2
Ans:-Purpose and working of any three elements
A) Battery
B) Voltage & Current Regulator
C) Generator
A) Battery:-A battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy, It is a power back-up or power house of the system, battery is provide the required voltage & current to the connected system. Mainly battery are two types,1) Rechargeable 2) Non Rechargeable , we are using in the circuit is rechargeable type as it is get discharged while supplying power & need to charge in form of chemical reaction. In battery number of cells added in parallel & series.
B) Voltage & Current Regulator:- It is a set of power electronics used to convert AC current produced by generator to regulated DC voltage required to charge battery & power the electronic components in the circuit. A regulator consists of rectifier which converts the AC voltage produced by generator into DC voltage, further this DC voltage is maintained on the required potential using voltage regulator to maintain steady out-put voltage.
C) Generator:- It is a device that generates electricity by converting the mechanical energy into electric energy that can be utilized to power the circuit , it is similar to a electric motor only the working Is opposite. A simple generator consists of a rotor on which permanent magnet is attached on the rotating shaft & the cover(stator) consists of core with windings, As the rotor is rotated the changing magnetic field generate electricity in winding which is then transferred to voltages & regulator to convert into usable form, Generator charges the battery in engine running condition & also provide electrical power of the circulatory.
Que-3
Ans:- Fuse is a safety device which we connect in series with the load to safeguard the battery & load from current spike generated due to short circuit or any other manufacturing in circuit, A fuse is selected such that it permits the maximum current required for the load simultaneous protecting it from high current surges, thus in case of our circuit considering full load of 10Ampere a FUSE rated with 12-15 Ampere should be used, as it is the standard value of available fuse such that it can prevent the circuit from current spike/surge generated due to short circuit.
Que-4
Ans:- Battery load-500watt
Consider Battery voltage - 12volts
As given value, the capacity of the battery should be such that it can power the circuit for at least an hour,
500 watts for 1 hour = 500Whr
As battery voltage is 12V so the current draw will be P=VI
Or I=P/V
I=500/12
I=41.56 Ah
Considering the nearby standard value the battery capacity should be at least 50Ah with a voltage of 12V
Que-5
Ans:- Components that are connected parallel to each other
A) Instrument lamps:- 3 nos. of instrument lamps are connected to each other in above circuit. All the 3 lamps are connected parallel so that the voltage available to the lamp is same for all 3 thus the brightness will be same, parallel connection help us to simultaneously turn on/off the lamp using a single switch.
B) Horn :- Both side horns are connected in parallel to each other so that we can operate them simultaneously leading to an increased sound intensity when operated parallel connection help us to simultaneously turn ON/OFF both horns using a single switch.
Que-6
Ans:- Components that are connected series to each other
A) Battery & Ammeter :- Battery & ammeter are connected in series so that ammeter can check the current flow from the battery to the circuit & current flow from generator to battery, as the current flow in a circuit is same for components connected in series the current flow from & to the battery can be monitored.
B) Ignition switch & Coil :- Ignition Switch is connected in series with ignition coil so that ignition coil can be turned ON/OFF as per requirement by changing the position of ignition switch.