Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1. Identify each of the major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram            

•                 1.Battery
•                 2.fuse
•                 3.Breaker
•                 4.Ammeter
•                 5.Current and voltage regulator
•                 6. starter
•                 7.Generator
•                 8.Ignition coil
•                 9.Junction block
•                 10.Foot selector switch

2.Explain the purpose and working of any three elements briefly.

•        Battery
•        Ammeter
•        Generator

2.1 BATTERY:

        Batteries are small essential components to operate many devices. It is one of the key components in our day-to-day life. Some batteries are rechargeable batteries and are used in each and every sector. Below are some of the applications of batteries.

•         Automotive industries
•         Healthcare
•         Home applications
•         Defence sector
•         Heavy machinery industries

 Working:

• A battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy.
• Battery is a collection of cells
• The chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material (electrode) to another, through an external circuit. 
• The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work.
• To balance the flow of electrons, charged ions also flow through an electrolyte solution that is in contact with both electrode.
• Different electrodes and electrolytes produce different chemical that affect how the battery works how much energy it can store and its voltage.
• The first battery was invented by Alessandro volta in 1960.

There are two types of battery used:

• primary battery
• Secondary battery

Ammeter:

             Ammeter is a device is used to measure the AC or DC electriccurrent in amperes.An ammeter can measure a wide range of current values because at high values only a small portion of the current is directed through the meter mechanism.

working:

       An ammeter measures the current in an electric circuit through a set of coils with very low resistance and inductive reactance. Once connected in series, the ammeter causes a very small drop in voltage due to its low resistance, allowing the electric current to pass through it and be measured. There are many ammeters to measure direct or alternating current, but all depend on the ammeter having very low internal resistance.

Generator:

        Generator is a device to convert the electical energy to mechanical energy frome the source of energy.It uses the mechanical energy supplied to it to force the movement of electric charges present in the wire of its windings through an external electric circuit.

Applications:

•         Home appliances
•         Hospitals
•         industries
•         Defence sector

3.If the total load is 10A from battery what should be the fuse rating?

          Total load I=10A

           Voltage V=12V ( from given questions)

          Fuse rating I=P/V

          power= V*I

                   = 12*10

          power= 120 watts

        fuse rating I = P/V

                           = 120/12

        Fuse rating I=10A

4. If 500W is the load what is the voltage and capacity of battery :

          power=500W

          Voltage V=12V

          Time = 1 hour( assume)

          Capcity=load*time

         load I=p/v

              I=500/12

               I=41.66A

              capacity=load *time

                           =41.66*1

               Capacity =41.66Ah

5. Identify any two elements which are connectrd parallel:

        An electric current can flow through multiple paths in a parallel circuit. The components of the prallel circuits will have a constant voltage across all ends.

         1.Light switch

         2.Horn

Light switch:

          Each light in a parallel circuit has its own circuit. The individual currents add up to the total current. The voltage for each light is the same. As opposed to a series circuit, if one light malfunctions in a parallel circuit, the other lights still light up.

Horn:

      parallel switching of high and low tones is used and the main sound frequencies of these signals are harmoniously combined.

6. Two elements which are connected in series:

        A series circuit comprises apath along which the whole current flow through each component.Two components share a common node , the same current floes through them.

        1.Ammeter

        2. Battery

Battery:

         Batteries are connected in series ciruit with the high voltage to improve the drivability and energy efficiency. The same current flows in all terminals.

Ammeter:

         A ammeter is used to measure the current flowing through a circuit.current remains same in series connection and also the resistance of an ammeter is very small due to which it doesnt affect the current to be measured.so an ammeter is connected in series to measure current.

conclusion:

           In this project is to given the parameters use to Analysis the practical automotive wiring circuit.