Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
1. Identify the following element:
Battery
Distributor
Fuse
Generator
Ignition coil
Starter
Current & Voltage regulator
Brake
Foot selector switch
Ignition switch
2. Purpose & working:
a. Fuse:
Purpose: The important safecty aspect in the electrical system. This protect the device from heavy loading of over voltage (unwanted) & current (surge).
Working: If the load exceed the load fuse rating (it maintain some specification), the fuse breaks the circuit. Fuse is a relay or contactor arrangement in the electrical system.
b. Battery:
Purpose: Important aspect of the battery is to provide power to start the vehicle through the starter.
Working: The process is chemical energy into electrical energy. This consists of electrolyte solution, cahode (+ve charge) and anode (-ve charge) where electrons transfer through external circuit.
c. Generator:
Purpose: Main purpose of the generator is to produce current or electricity to the source (supply of current).
Working: In a mechanical engine considering Engine started with the help of fuel (chemical) and converted into mechanical energy through the help of alternator (generator) converts to electrical energy and produces the current and supply to the bulb or some electrical application on daily neeeds.
3. Fuse rating:
Given.: Total load = 10A
Battery volatge = 12V
P = V*I
P=10*2
P=120W
Fuse rating, Amp = Power / Voltage
Fuse rating, Amp = 120/12
Fuse rating, Amp = 10A
15A is the usual current rating of fuse wiren in the line to feed appliances of 2kW or more power.
4. Battery capacity:
P=500W, V=12V
P=V*I
500=12*I
I=500/12
I=41.6Ah
Battery capacity = 41.6Ah
Volatge = 12V
5. Elements in parallel
For the constant voltage supply,
* Dome light
* Plate light
are connected in parallel. If they are connected in series, excess voltage might damage the application.
6. Battery and ammeter are in series.
Ammeter is to measure the current of battery.
Though starter in series is to get enough voltage and supply to drive the application, but it will be break once the application is started.