Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit
1) Identify each of the major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram
i) Battery
ii) Ignition Coil
iii) Ammeter
iv) Generator
v) Distributer
vi) Breaker
vii) Switches
2) Explain the purpose and working of any three elements briefly
i)Battery :
A battery is a connection of cells
The chemical reactions occuring in the cells of a battery result in the flow of electricity in a circuit
A battery stores energy and its supplies DC voltage
Purpose and Working of the battery :
The purpose of the battery is to supply the necessary current to the starter motor and the ignition coil while cranking to start the engine
A battery is used convert chemical energy into electrical energy...
ii)Ammeter :
The principle of ammeter is that the resistance and inductive reactance must be very low...
Purpose and working of the Ammeter :
It is used to measure the Direct Current (DC) or Alternating Current (AC) in Amperes
An ammeter can measure a wide range of current values because at high values only a small portion of the current is directed through the meter mechanism, a shunt in parallel with the meter carries the major portion.
iii)Ignition coil :
To produce the required high voltages, ignition coils make use of the relationships that exist between electricity and magnetism.
When an electric current flows through an electrical conductor such as a coil of wire, it creates a magnetic field around the coil
Purpose and working of the Ignition Coil :
The ignition coil transforms the electrical energy from the vehicle battery into high voltage, saves it briefly and then emits it as a high voltage current pulse to the spark plug
3) If the total load is 10A from battery, what should be the fuse rating?
P = V X I
= 12 X 10
P = 120 W
Fuse Rating Formula :
Fuse Rating = { Watts / volts } X 1.25
= {120 / 12 } X 1.25
Fuse Rating = 12.5 Amps
4) If 500W is the load, what is the voltage and capacity of battery you recommend?
Battery Capcity :
P= VX I
I = P / V
= 500 / 12
I = 41.6 A
P = V X I X T
T = P / V X I
= 500 / (12 X 41.6)
T = 1 Hr
A-hr = I X T
= 41.6 X 1
= 41.6 A-hr
Capcity of the 12V battery is 41.6 A-hr
5) Identify any two elements which are connected parallel to each other. Why they are connected in parallel?
i) Parking Lamp
ii) Horn
If two or more components are connected in parallel, they have the same difference of potential (voltage) across their ends
6) Identify any two elements which are connected in series. Why they are connected in series?
i) Ignition Switch
ii) Ammeter
Components connected in series are connected along a single "electrical path", and each component has the same current through it, equal to the current through the network