Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1. Identify each of the major elements in the above automotive wiring diagram.

1. Battery 2.Generator 3. Distributor 4. Breaker 5.Stater 6.Foot selector switch 7.Current and voltage regulator 8.Ammeter 9. Junction box 10. Horn button 11.Ignition coil 12.Dome light switch

2. Explain the purpose and working of any three elements briefly.

Ammeter:

• An ammeter is a device to measure the ampere(A) in the electric circuit which is connected in series with Load.
• it is constructed between magnetic (north and south pole ) with shunt resistance with a movement of the needle.
• It's located between the Battery current to load in between series connection.
• when the current passes inside the shunt resister due to the magnetic pole and low resistance
• the Ammeter includes extremely less impedance because it must include less amount of voltage drop across it.

Generator

• A generator is a machine that converts Mechanical Energy into Electrical Power.
• It's constructed with Coil, Commutator, Magnet, and Carbon brushes.
• electromagnetic induction is the working principle of Electric generators.
• The conductor coil is rotated rapidly between the poles of a magnet. the conductor coil is called an armature.
• The armature is driven by mechanical forces and its stars rotate the armature it's cut the magnetic field between two poles. The magnetic field will interfere with the electrons which are produced in the conductor to induce a flow of electric current inside it.

Starter:

• A starter is a machine that initiates the Operation of the Engine by Its own power.
• Mostly Electric starter motor /Crank motor is used to ignite/spark the engine.
• Nowadays Permanent magnet electric motor or Parallel series electric motor is used with the solenoid.
• When the power is applied to the solenoid (the switch).
• It drives the mechanical parts to rotate example to initiate the fuel

3. If the total load is 10A from the battery, what should be the fuse rating

the load should be 135% of the total load= 10Ax(135/100)= 13.5Amps

fuse rating -13.5 Amps

Use 15 Amps standard fuse.

4. If 500W is the load, what is the voltage and capacity of the battery you recommend?

500 watts = 500wx1hr= 500Wh

Amp.hrs= Watts.hs/Volts

Consider = 12 Volts

Amp.hrs = 500Wh/12 Volts

Amp.hrs=41.6 Ah

the recommendation of battery = 12 V 45 Ah standard lithium-ion batteries.

5. Identify any two elements which are connected parallel to each other. Why they are connected in parallel?

battery and starter are in parallel connection.

Because to control the input supply to the circuit (High Current , Low Voltage )

6. Identify any two elements which are connected in series. Why they are connected in series?

current voltage regulator and ammeter are in series connection.

Because of low resistance (Low voltage, High current )