Project - Analysis of a practical automotive wiring circuit

1) major elements of automotive wiring diagram :

starter, breaker, ignition coil, distributor, generator, foot selector switch, ammeter, fuse, fuel ON/OFF gauge.

2) EXPLAIN THE PURPOSE AND WORKING OF THESE ELEMENTS :

(1) PURPOSE OF STARTER :

Starters are devices that control the use of electrical power to equipment. As the name Implies, starters "start" motors. They can also stop, reverse, accelerate and protect them. starters are made from two building blocks : contactors and overloads

WORKING OF STARTER :

On the starter, the pinion is desined to fit into the grooves of the ring gear. when you turn the ignition switch, the electromagnet inside the body engages and pushes out a rod to which the pinion is attached. the pinion meets the flywheel and the starter motor turns.

(2) PURPOSE OF BREAKER :

A circuit breaker is an electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage cause by overcurrent/overload or short circuit. Its basic function of to inteerupt current flow after protective relay detect a fault.

WORKING OF BREAKER :

The circuit breaker is opened by the applying pressure to the trigger. when there is a faulty current flowing through any part of the system, the trip coil of the breaker gets energized there by moving away from each other, thus opening the circuit.

(3) PURPOSE OF AMMETER :

Ammeter, instrument for measuring either direct (DC) or alternating (AC) electric current, in amperes. An ammeter can measure a wide range of current values because at high values only a small portion of the current is directed through the meter mechanism; a shunt in parallel with the meter carries the major portion.

WORKING OF AMMETER :

An ammeter has a low resistance. The ammeter is connected in series with the load to measure the electric current flowing through it. As, the ammeter has a very low resistance, therfore when it is connected in series with any circuit, it does not change the current.

(3) WHAT SHOULD BE THE FUSE RATING FROM 10A BATTERY :

IF the normal steady-state current is 10AMPS, example for 15A Fuse should be chosen (10AMPS * 135% = 13.5AMPS, and the next higher standard size is 15A)

(4) WHAT IS VOLTAGE AND CURRENT I RECOMMEND FROM 500W LOAD :

I NEED 500W LOAD = IF Battery is 12V, this comes to 500/12 = 42Ah . So i need capacity of 50Ah

(5) TWO ELEMENTS ARE CONNECTED TO THE PARALLEL :

BATTERY THROUGH CONNECTED TO THE PARALLEL CIRCUIT IN STARTER AND BREAKER , ie, parallel connection of the starter are uses in supply the all circuit of current. and breaker also uses in any short circuit, low and hogh voltages are occuring the device that time break the voltage.

(6) TWO ELEMENTS ARE CONNECTED TO THE SERIES :

BATTERY THROUGH CONNECTED TO THE SERIES CIRCUIT IN FOOT SELECTOR SWITCH AND HORN. the selector switch is closing time current series going on so sounding of horn.