Project

MAJOR COMPONENTS USED IN THIS SIMULATION :-

GENERIC ENGINE :-

The Generic Engine block represents a general Internal Combustion (IC) Engine which is a type of Spark Ignition (SI-Petrol) or Compression Ignition (CI-Diesel). The speed torque and speed power parameters are provided.

PORTS,

B – Rotational Conserving Port representing the Engine Block

F – Rotational Conserving Port representing the Engine Crankshaft

T - Physical signal input port specifying the normalized engine throttle level

P - Physical signal output port reporting the instantaneous engine power, in W

FC - Physical signal output port reporting the fuel consumption rate, in kg/s

SIMPLE GEAR :-

The simple gear is combination of a driver and driven gear where the speed is reduced by the gear ratio. The gear ratio is defined as,

PORTS,

B – Base Gear or Driver Gear

F – Follower Gear or Driven Gear

CVT TRANSMISSION :-

In CVT (Continuous Variable Transmission) the variable diameter pulley plays a vital role in transmission. Variable-diameter pulleys must always come in pairs. One of the pulleys, known as the drive pulley (or driving pulley), is connected to the crankshaft of the engine. The driving pulley is also called the input pulley because it's where the energy from the engine enters the transmission. The second pulley is called the driven pulley because the first pulley is turning it. As an output pulley, the driven pulley transfers energy to the driveshaft.

The distance between the centre of the pulleys to where the belt makes contact in the groove is known as the pitch radius. When the pulleys are far apart, the belt rides lower and the pitch radius decreases. When the pulleys are close together, the belt rides higher and the pitch radius increases. The ratio of the pitch radius on the driving pulley to the pitch radius on the driven pulley determines the gear. when the pitch radius is small on the driving pulley and large on the driven pulley, then the rotational speed of the driven pulley decreases, resulting in a lower “gear.” When the pitch radius is large on the driving pulley and small on the driven pulley, then the rotational speed of the driven pulley increases, resulting in a higher “gear.” Thus, in theory, a CVT has an infinite number of "gears" that it can run through at any time, at any engine or vehicle speed.

PORTS,

B – Base Pulley or Drive Pull

F – Follower Pulley or Driven Pulle

r – Variable Transmission Ratio (Input

VEHICLE BODY :

Two-axle vehicle with longitudinal dynamics and motion and adjustable mass, geometry, and drag properties. The vehicle can have the same or a different number of wheels on each axle. For example, two wheels on the front axle and one wheel on the rear axle. The vehicle wheels are assumed identical in size. The vehicle can also have a centre of gravity (CG) that is at or below the plane of travel.

PORTS,

NR – Rear Axle Normal Force (

NF – Front Axle Normal Force (N

Beta – Road Incline Angle (rad

V – Longitudinal Velocity (m/s

W – Head Wind Speed (m/s

H – Horizontal Motio

DOUBLE SHOE BRAKE :

The Double-Shoe Brake block represents a frictional brake with two pivoted rigid shoes that press against a rotating drum to produce a braking action. The rigid shoes sit inside or outside the rotating drum in a diametrically opposed configuration. A positive actuating force causes the rigid shoes to press against the rotating drum. Viscous and contact friction between the drum and the rigid shoe surfaces cause the rotating drum to deceleration.

PORTS,

S - Rotational conserving port associated with the rotating drum shaft

F - Physical signal input port associated with the applied actuating force

TIRE :-

The vehicle body is connected to 4 tires each per axle to move the vehicle according to the power input to the axle.

PORTS,

N – Normal Force

S – Tire Slip

A – Axle

H – Mechanical translational port associated with the wheel hub that transmits the thrust generated by the tire to the remainder of the vehicle.

BLOCKS USED :-

Signal Builder – To input the Brake, Throttle and CVT Ratio

Simulink to PS Converter – To convert the Simulink signal to Simscape environment

Solver Configuration – To specify the solver parameters before starting the simulation

Mechanical Reference – To make sure all the components are clamped to the ground

Generic Engine – To run the engine with speed and torque values as input

PS to Simulink Converter – To convert Simscape signal to Simulink environment

Scope – To view the graph of the parameters for better understanding

Display – To view the calculated engine power

Inertia – To represent the solid inertia

Rotational Motion Sensor – To sense the rotational motion from the engine and give output as rpm

Variable Gear Ratio – To vary the speed according to the gear ratios

PS Terminator - Terminator for unconnected physical signal outputs

Double Shoe Brake – To apply brake to the vehicle when needed

PS Constant - Generate constant physical signal

Tire – For transportation of the vehicle

Rotational Free End – For mechanical component (Tire)

Vehicle Body – To represent the BAJA ATV model body

Custom Measure Gauge – To measure the brake and throttle input

Knob – To increase, decrease and vice-versa of throttle and brake inputs

Lookup Table – To insert the CVT values from the workspace

Simple Gear – To reduce the speed of the engine with pre-defined gear ratio

Step – To increase or decrease an input value for a defined time interval

TYPES OF MODEL :-

BAJA ATV model without Dashboard

BAJA ATV model with Dashboard

BAJA ATV model - Lookup Table Data Extraction

BAJA ATV model – Mapped Lookup Table without Dashboard

BAJA ATV model – Mapped Lookup Table with Dashboard.

iii.The engine will generate the output rpm which can be taken from the crankshaft output. This speed will be given to the Ideal Rotational Motion Sensor to sense the output rpm.

iv.The same output speed will be given to a simple gear mechanism to reduce the speed where the Gear Ratio is ‘4

v.Then the output speed from the gear reducer will be given to the Variable Ratio Transmission block (CVT

vi.The CVT ratio is provided to the Variable Ratio Transmission (CVT) block through Signal Builde.

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