Project 2 - Measuring distance of an object using ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04)

MAGNA

question 6b:

#include <avr/io.h>

#define F_CPU 16000000L

#include <util/delay.h>

#define rs_high PORTD |=(1<<2)

#define rs_low PORTD &= ~(1<<2)

#define en_high PORTD |= (1<<3)

#define en_low PORTD &= ~(1<<3)

#define lcdport PORTB

void lcd_cmd(unsigned char cmd)

{

lcdport=cmd; //assign formal argument to PORTB

rs_low; //register select D.1 =0; to write command

en_high; //enable =1;

_delay_ms(1); //delay of 1ms

en_low; //enable =0;

}

void lcd_data(unsigned char data)

{

lcdport=data;

rs_high; //register select D.1=1; to write data

en_high;

_delay_ms(1);

en_low;

}

void lcd_init()

{

lcd_cmd(0x02); //to set cursor to row 0 , column 0

lcd_cmd(0x38); //set the operation in 8 bit mode ,5x7 matrix, 2 line mode

lcd_cmd(0x0E); //cursor on

lcd_cmd(0x01); //clear the display and set cursor to row 0, column 0

lcd_cmd(0x0c); //turn off the cursor

}

void cursor_pos(char x,char y) //user defined function for cursor position

{

if(x==2)

lcd_cmd(0xBF+y); //set the cursor in row 2 and column=y position

else

lcd_cmd(0x7F+y); //set the cursor in row 1 and column=y position

}

void lcd_out(char x,char y, char *str) //user defined function to display string data on LCD

{

cursor_pos(x,y); //calling the function

while(*str) //loop runs until it meets '\0' until the end of the string

{

lcd_data(*str); //*str gives the char present in the address of str

str++; //increment the pointer to next position

}

}

void lcd_print(char row, char coloumn, unsigned int value, int digits)

{

unsigned int temp;

unsigned int unit;

unsigned int tens;

unsigned int hundred;

unsigned int thousand;

unsigned int million;

unsigned char flag=0;

if(row==0||coloumn==0)

{

cursor_pos(1,1);

}

else

{

cursor_pos(row,coloumn);

}

if(digits==5|| flag==1)

{

million=value/10000+48;

lcd_data(million);

flag=1;

}

if(digits==4 || flag==1)

{

temp = value/1000;

thousand = temp%10 +48;

lcd_data(thousand);

flag=1;

}

if(digits==3 || flag==1)

{

temp = value/100;

hundred = temp%10 +48;

lcd_data(hundred);

flag=1;

}

if(digits==2 || flag==1)

{

temp = value/10;

tens= temp%10 +48;

lcd_data(tens);

flag=1;

}

if(digits==1 || flag==1)

{

unit = value%10 + 48;

lcd_data(unit);

}

if(digits>5)

{

lcd_data('e');

}

}

int adc_read(char channel)

{

unsigned int a,result;

ADMUX = channel; // selecting the adc channel

ADCSRA = 0x80; //enabling the ADC

ADCH = 0x00; //initialising the ADC registers to hold higher byte

ADCL = 0x00; // initialising the ADC registers to hold lower byte

ADCSRA |=(1 << 6); //enable the ADC start conversion bit

//wait till the conversion get finished

while( ( ADCSRA & 0X40) != 0);

a = ADCL; //store lower byte data

result = ADCH; // store higher byte data

result = result << 8; //combine both register using bitwise left shift operator

result = result | a;

return result;

}

int main(void)

{

unsigned int volt;

lcd_init();

while(1)

{

volt = adc_read(3);

lcd_out(1,1,"Digi value="); // function call

lcd_print(1,12,volt,4); //function call

lcd_out(2,1,"Temperature=");

volt=(volt/2.048); //value mapping for 10mv variation = 1 degree

lcd_print(2,13,volt,3);

lcd_out(2,16,"C");

_delay_ms(1000); //delay of 1sec

}

}

Output:

Project 2:

Project team members:

1. Ratan Sanjay Palkar
2. Goutham S
3. Shobhith KC
4. Gokulkrishna S
5. Karthikeya Udupa

Project description:

We built our code into different modules and used modular programming in our project.

Please find the following files in file section.

Our project involves

1. Controlling vehicle speed (DC motor) through throttle (potentiometer )using adc and PWM.
2. Accessign the ultrasonic sensor and measure the distance between the vehicle and the obstacle.
3. Measuring the temperature through sensor(potentiometer as temperature sensor).
4. Display all the measured parameters on the 2x16 LCD display.

Output: