Project 1 - Design and Develop an IOT-based Wireless Wearable Health Monitoring System

Design and Develop an IOT-based Wireless Wearable Health Monitoring System:

Introduction:

• The aim in this paper gives combined approach towards more precise healthcare system for both doctors as well as patients. The basic consistency considered in compact design, low cost, portable and less complicated. More health-related proposed system having different drawbacks like wired setup, bulky, low power saving etc. to overcome these parameters the wearable system is helpful.
• The whole module is less costly option for the existing problem and can be cheap for the most of the physicians. In the literature there is a more related work in the wireless monitoring system.

PROPOSED SYSTEM:

• In the system, our aim to design and develop a cost-effective wearable device that can be monitor patient’s health regularly. Even though patients are outside of the hospital. The wearable device includes body temperature and pulse rate sensors for primary health observations. Also, the acceleration sensor is used to track activity of patients. There are threshold values for each sensor to track the activity of patient.
• Normal body temperature range of human is 36.10 c to 32.70 c accordingly, set the threshold values for abnormalities. Similarly, normal pulse rate range for human is 60 to 100 beats per minute. Here threshold is required for notification of heart beat.
• But these threshold values are for temperature as well pulse rate is for normal routine. But here one more sensor is used to know activity of patient. Acceleration sensor is calibrated using zero axes with the reference planes are X, Y, Z. If patient is steady then there is a no movement of body it indicates that patients are in critical condition.
• There are numerous diseases that can kill patient’s life if the sudden changes occur in the physiological parameters. Hence the thresholds for all the sensors are set accordingly in the programming itself. The doctor can easily configure the wearable device as per the patient’s health status updating.
• Here block diagram of system states the Sensors give analogy values as output to the controller which reads these values and temporarily stores them in a static memory location. Three sensors are powered by the controller itself with the help of the power bank pins on the Arduino controller.
• The digital pins are interfaced with the Nokia display. The graphic display consists of 5 pins, namely the power, ground, transmitter, receiver and clock pins. These pins are interfaced with digital portion of the controller.
• They communicate and transmit the data to the controller built in the display module. The serial pins are interfaced with the Wi-Fi module, which transmit the analogy sensor data from the controller wirelessly. The receiver section has three components, the server, controller and the computer.
• The receiver tuned to the same frequency as the transmitter module.it receives data from the transmitter module and sends it serially to the controller. All serial communication takes place through UART protocol. The controller reads this data and logs it in the computer terminal. This data is sent on the server. The graph for each senor is displayed on the server. Then the data can be analysed and processed by the physician for treatment and diagnosis.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:

Sensors and Microcontroller:

• Temperature Sensor: Temperature Sensor LM35 and LM36 are appropriate for body temperature measurement. But LM35 temperature sensor gives accurate output. The calibration for the temperature sensor is quite easy. Figure shows the LM35 with physical connection.
• Pulse rate Sensor: Pulse rate Sensor is proper-designed heart-rate sensor used for at mega328.It is a plug and play type sensor. It can be used by students, game makers, mobile developers, athletes, makers. Those who want to know live heart rate they can use this sensor satisfactorily.
• This is useful for open-source platform. It has some features like compact design, easy calibration, and better accuracy. There is one more advantage that it can be mounted on ear lobe, wrist, and figure.
• Acceleration Sensor: The acceleration sensor is complete 3-axis acceleration mensuration sensor. It consists of signal conditioning circuit for open loop acceleration operation.

• The output of acceleration sensor is analogy voltage which is proportional to acceleration.it can be used in tilt sensing applications, used in motion, shock or vibration that are dynamic application. Acceleration sensor having different features are low cost, sensitive, high accuracy and application are gaming system, mobile devices and health devices.

• Microcontroller: AT mega328 is open-source hardware platform which is compatible with computer and other Arduino as well. In microcontroller AT mega328 we can program, erase, reprogramed easily.

• It is used for operation and programming of electronics in hardware platform. While considering other microcontroller chip or board the Arduino is better than another controller. Because if we want to burn the program; we only required USB cable and Arduino open-source software. There is no requirement of other device to burn the code in IC.

• For Wi-Fi connectivity we are using ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. It is module that consists of self-contained system on chip merge with TCP/IP protocol stack. This Wi-Fi module gives any microcontroller access to our Wi-Fi network.

• The Wi-Fi module is highly cost effective. This module contains self-calibrated RF which permits to work under all operating conditions; there is no any requirement of external RF parts. It supports only 3.3Voltage supply.

• If device requires more than required voltage then external logic level converter. It has some features like 1 MB flash memory, low power 32-bit CPU, wake up time is less than 2ms and power consumption is high.

CONCLUSION:

• This designed system provides low power consumptions, less complex and portable band for healthcare monitoring system for patients. It can avoid the utilization of wired setup and the system made less costly. The doctor can access the patient’s information from any corner of the world using web server.
• In future we can develop a GUI for the patients who are present in the ward. And for long distance consultation web server is useful approach. Also minimize the size of the wrist band. The parameters of the patients are continuously monitored and data is uploaded to server. This server keeps that information in their database. If any doctor wants to access the old patient’s history, then doctors can easily access that data.