Photo Realistic Rendering
Educational institute
MODELING OF AMERICAN CHOPPER ON
SOLIDWORKS
-MANITEJA CHALLAGUNDLA
Promotor:
Mr. Sabharishwaran
.............................................
(signature)
INTRODUCTION
In this project, we learn about the design of American chopper assembly and photo 360 rendering with help of SOLIDWORKS. In this, we first learn about how to use the commands, and then we draw chopper bike parts. By using a blueprint sketch, we get an idea of sketching the parts and their dimensions. After designing all the parts, we do assembly of the chopper. After assembly, we add decals, lights, cameras and do a rendering of the chopper by using SOLIDWORK visualization.
OBJECTIVE: -
- The objective of this project is used to create a modal of different parts of the chopper using Solid works.
- To assemble the different parts modeled for the chopper.
- To create a photorealistic modal of the chopper and render the model using Solid Works.
PARTS TO BE MODELED FOR CHOPPER: -
The following parts of the chopper are modeled in Solid works and assembled
- Transmission Belt
- Kickstand
- Front Fender
- Rear fender
- Oil tank
- Chain
- Pedal
- Front wheel
- Rear wheel
- Front fork
- Chassis
- Engine
- Gas tank
|
CHOPPER BIKE |
|
ENGINE |
CHASSIS |
FRONT FORK |
|
Transmission belt Rear fender Rear-wheel Chain |
Pedal Gas tank Kickstand Oil tank
|
Front fender \ Front-wheel |
Let’s see what are the main features and properties used in the entire model to design different parts: -
- Extrude boss- Extrude is a type of feature available in solid works to convert a 2D sketch into a 3D model.
- Offset- This command is used to sketch one or more selected modal edges or faces by a specified distance.
- Fillet- Fillet creates a rounded internal or external face on the part. You can fillet all edges of the faces, selected edges, edge lopes.
- Revolve boss feature- to create a revolve feature. Create a sketch that contains one or more profiles and a centerline, line, edge to use as the axis around which feature revolves.
- Extrude cut- extrude cut is another feature that helps to remove materials from the 3D model. It is just opposite to extrude base or boss feature.
- Shell- the shell feature is used to define the thickness of thin and thick shell elements.
- Linear or circular pattern- this feature is used to create patterns along with planar or 3D models.
- Mirror- This feature creates a copy of the solid part. When this feature is applied it needs a plane or axis to mirror.
- Reference geometry- It defines the shape or form of a surface or a solid. This includes features such as planes, axes, coordinate systems, and points. This can be used according to need in a sketch. We can reference the axis and plan.
- Projected curve- The curve can be projected by a sketch into a model to create a 3D curve. We can create multiply closed or open contour projected curves from a single sketch. Generally, the curve can be the intersection of two extruding surfaces.
- Knit- Use of knit surface tool to combine two or more faces and surfaces into one.
- Mate- Mate creates a geometric relationship between assembly and component. When we add mates, it defines the allowable direction of linear or rotational motion of component within its degree of freedom, visualizing the assembly’s behavior.
- Split- the split line tool is used to project an entity onto other surfaces or curved/planar faces.
- Lofted surface- generated by multiple 3D curves or existing edges creating a smooth tangency between the selected curves.
- Sweep surface- generated from a section curve positioned along a path.
Example for specifications: - extrude boss
Revolve boss
Fillet
shell
pattern (line &circular )
mirror
projected curve
lofted surface
surface boss
sweep surface
mate
Transmission Belt: -
The Transmission belt is designed with the help of a 2D sketch and, it is located at the round surface of the pulleys. This belt is used to transmit the power with help of pulleys. The commonly used material for this is rubber.
Features used to create the transmission belt:
- Sketch
- Extrude
- Offset
- Fillet
- Appearance
Sketch
The sketch is the two-dimensional representation of the modal concerning the plane/view. We are using line, arc, spline, circle for crating this sketch.
Kickstand: -
the kickstand is also known as a side stand. It is also used to support the chopper, Features used to create the kickstand:
- Sketch
- Ellipse
- Splines
- Pierce
- Loft
- Cut extrude
- Boss extrudes
- Split
- dome
Dome- face to the dome. Selected one or more planar or non-planar faces. You can apply domes to faces whose centroid lines are outside of the face. This allows you to apply domes to irregularly shaped contours.
Front Fender: -
The front fender is a part mounted on the fork above the wheel to protect the rider and the chopper’s other parts from foreign particles.
The 1st step to creating a fender revolved around the sketch using an axis and creating a half curved solid body. Some sharp edges are designed on both sides of the fender by using the split tool the material is removed. The edges of the fender are fille. Features used to create the Front fender:
- Sketch
- 3-point arc
- Offset
- Extend
- Trim
- Revolve
- Spline
- Fillet
Trim- select the trim type based on the entities you want to trim or extend. All trim types are available with 2D sketches and 2D sketches on 3D planes.
Rear Fender: -
The same procedure is used to make the rear fender as it was used in the front fender. Only the difference between the two are sizes according to the size of the tire. The front and rear fender are made of metal and the appearance given is sienna color which is bright orange texture.
Features used to create the Rear fender:
- Sketch
- 3-point arc
- Extend
- Trim
- Revolve
- Spline
- Fillet
Oil Tank:-
The oil tank is one of the parts of the chopper. An oil tank is used to store the oil required to run the engine.
The base of the oil tank is sketched on the top plane and extruded above to attain the structure of the oil tank and another sketch is added on the midplane it is then extruded and then combined together and at the end, a shell function is used to make part hollow from inside. Fillet is applied on the outer edges and the thickness of the oil tank is 3mm.
Features used to create the Oil tank:
- Lines
- 3-point arc
- Boss extrudes
- Combine
- Fillet
- Shell
Chain: -
Chain is a type of transmission system that is used to transmit power from the engine to the rear wheel. It is made of steel.
To create a chain first we need to draw the sketch using arcs and lines, the line must be tangent to the arc. Then we draw the sketch of blocks and pins and extrude it, then the pins and blocks were patterned along the path and by calculating the number of pins and blocks. When the whole front side chain pattern is created. Then the front side of blocks can be mirrored to the midplane and both sides of the blocks have been created. This arrangement has been made according to the sketch. A finely finished chrome metal is used as the appearance of the linked chain.
Features used to create the Chain:
- Sketch
- Circles
- 3point arc
- Slot
- Block
- Fillet
- Curve pattern
- Mirror
Pedal: -
The pedal is the external part attached to the chassis. The pedal is used to place the leg on top of that. To give comfort to the rider pedal is used.
The various features are used to create the pedal are splines, fillets, dome, chamfer, and linear pattern. The appearance given to the pedal is chrome metal.
Features used to create the Pedal:
- Sketch
- Lines
- Circles
- Fillet
- Revolve
- Dome
- Chamfer
- Linear pattern
Front-wheel: -
A wheel is a circular block made of alloy material. On the top of the wheel, the tire is covered.
Front-wheel is having a larger diameter than the rear wheel. To manage impact better than the rear. Front-wheel experiences the greatest force during braking. First, the rim was created by revolve boss feature, and the spider-webbed spokes were created by using splines and offsetting them. Then the spider-webbed spokes were patterned to the rim. On rim rotor and caliper were modeled. The tire was modeled using revolve and threads were applied. The appearance given to the tire is matte rubber and rotor and spokes are chrome metal and caliper is sienna color.
Features used to create the Front wheel:
- Sketch
- Lines
- 3-point arc
- Sketch fillet
- Revolve
- Spline
- Extend
- Trim
- Cut extrude
- Offset
- Revolve cut
- Circular pattern
- Chamfer
- Fillet
Rear-wheel: -
The rear tire is primarily used for accelerating the vehicle and moving it forward. It is wider than the front wheel. It gives stability to the vehicle. The steps were
followed same like front wheel and appearance given is also same only the component added here sprocket to link the chain.
Features used to create the Rear wheel:
- Sketch
- Lines
- 3-point arc
- Sketch fillet
- Revolve
- Spline
- Extend
- Trim
- Extrude cut
- Offset
- Revolve cut
- Circular pattern
- Chamfer
- Fillet
Front Fork: -
The front fork attaches the whole chassis and the front wheel. It is typically made with triple clamps. It is also used to give suspension to the whole bike and the front wheel includes parts front fork, handlebars, headlights, brake, and clutch levers. First, the half portion of the front fork has been created and the whole body is mirrored about the plane. Projected curves were used to model the handles and the cables. The handles of the front fork were given grips.
Features used to create the Front fork:
- Sketch
- Lines
- Revolve
- Circle
- Fillets
- Linear pattern
- Spline
- Extrude cut
- Dome
- Curve
- Sweep
- Plane
- Mirror
- Combine
Chassis: -
The chassis or frame is called the skeleton of the bike. The suspension, fuel tank, engine, seats, front fork are attached to the chassis.
The modeling of the chassis starts with using a chopper image for reference. It uses features such as an extruded boss, splines, and revolving parts, making mirrors and sweeping. In the end, the whole part was created by using a fillet and it gives a nice appearance to the chassis and the sharp edges get round. The appearance given to the chassis is sienna color i.e., bright orange color.
Features used to create the Chassis:
- Blueprint sketch
- Splines
- Curves
- Mirror
- Boss extrudes
- Extrude cut
- Chamfer
- Dome
- Split
- Revolve
- Combine
Engine: -
The engine is the prime mover for the bike. The engine converts chemical energy into heat energy and then the heat energy is converted into mechanical work.
The mechanical work in the engine is rotational motion. This rotation is converted to the wheel with the use of the chain and sprocket through the gearbox and clutch.
The main part of the bike is the engine. It is also called the heart of the bike. It provides the necessary power to drive the bike. A picture is taken for reference for modeling. The engine consists of parts like a crankshaft, transmission pulleys, and motor. In the upper part of the crankshaft, the cooling fins were located. The air filters were drawn using spline and the exhaust system is also made with splines and projected curves and sweep feature. The edges of the engine were filleted and the appearance given is chrome metal.
Features used to create the Engine:
- Sketch
- Blueprint sketch
- Lines
- Circles
- Boss extrudes
- Fillet
- Revolve
- Dome
- Circular pattern
- Chamfer
- Linear pattern
- Mirror
- Cut extrude
- Combine
- Mirror
- Curve
- Composite curve
- Split
Gas tank: -
Gas tanks are used to store the gas. To give the gas to the engine whenever it’s required. This part is mainly made with splines and sweep features. The half part of the gas tank is first created and then it is then mirrored about the plane. The two separated parts were made single part by using the knit feature. The gas tank covers the oil tank and engine, and also it acts a shield to prevent the heat from the engine. The seat was modelled on the top of the gas tank. The fillets were added to the edges of the gas tank. At the last shell feature were added to make it hollow from inside.
Features used to create the Gas tank:
- Blue print sketch
- Spline
- Sweep surface
- Surface trim
- Surface boundary
- Surface loft
- Curve
- Mirror
- Surface knit
- Surface extrudes
- Fillet
- Extrude cut
- Shell
Assembly of the Chopper: -
- Initially, the chassis part is inserted in the assembly by using insert parts in the option. After that, the part is inserted into the assembly environment and clicked ok to fix the chassis.
- After that the other parts of the chopper are inserted onto the assembly and given possible mate conditions.
- Mates and inserted features are used to assemble the chopper.
Decals: -
A decal is something called a “transfer”, and it consists of a picture, image, pattern, or design that’s printed on metal body. We have added decals on Gas tank, Rear fender and Oil tank of chopper. It gives nice appearance to the chopper.
Rendering: -
- Rendering is the process of creating realistic images of the photorealistic model with the environment.
- Rendering has been done in two ways in solid works, those are 1) photo view360 2)solid works visualize.
- In the realistic model some of the mate conditions and positions are changed to render realistic models.
- Then the photorealistic model is rendered into realistic images with different view
renadring pictures
conclusion;-
1). the parts of the chopper are modeled
2). the parts are inserted into the assembly environment and the chopper is assembled.
3). the realistic image was rendered with the use of the Solidworks visualize.