FEA Analysis of Bending of Beams

OBJECTIVE :

To perform Finite Element Analysis on given three types of beam to compare their performance for static bending load.

SOFTWARE USED : SOLIDWORKS FEA

INTRODUCTION :

A beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads applied laterally to the beam's axis. Its mode of deflection is primarily by bending. The total effect of all the forces acting on the beam is to produce shear forces and bending moments within the beam, that in turn induce internal stresses, strains and deflections of the beam.

PROBLEM STATEMENT :

The task aims to check the performance of different types of beams in bending. The beams are extruded to 400 mm from the faces having dimensions mentioned in figures 1, 3 and 5. A load of 1500 N is applied to the smaller faces of all the beams i.e 40mm face of beam 2 and 45 mm faces of beam 1 and beam 3. The results in terms of Strain, Stress, and Displacement are to be compared and the suggestion of the best of the three is to be given.

PROCEDURE :

For creating the model :

1. 2D Sketch is created as per the given data.
2. The 2D sketch are then extruded.

For Analsys :

1. New Simulation Study is crceated.
2. Alloy Steel is selected as the material.
3. Fixture is established.
4. 1500 N of loads are applied in the top faces of the different beams.
5. Default mesh is used.
6. Finally, the simulation is run and the required results are obtained.

BEAM GEOMETRY :

CASE 1 : Rectangular Beam :

CASE 2 : I - Section Beam :

CASE 3 : C - Section Beam :

MATERIAL USED : Alloy Steel

RESULTS :

CASE 1 :

Von - Mises Stress

Deflection :

Strain :

CASE 2 :

Von Mises Stress :

Deflection :

Strain :

CASE 3 :

Von Mises Stress :

Deflection :

Strain :

COMPARISION OF RESULTS :

	Max. Von Mises Stress (MPa)	Max. Deflection (mm)	Max. Equivalent Strain	Factor Of Safety
BEAM 1	7.27	0.031	0.000026	85.34
BEAM 2	20.852	0.0842	0.000075	29.75
BEAM 3	38.837	0.302	0.000128	15.98

CONCLUSION :

shown in Table 1, the beam 1 or rectangular beam shows the minimum values in terms of stress and displacement and also less strain compared to beam 2. The rectangular beam will be the best choice if we don’t consider the economic and weight criteria. No one will choose if the material to be used is more and the cost is high. On the other hand, the C – section beam (beam 3) is the best option in terms of economy and weight. But, the value of stress and displacement is high which is not good. Whereas, the I – section beam is good in terms of stress and displacement as well as equivalent strain. The I – section beam uses less material, thus reducing weight and cost.

Overall, I section beam is the best choice among all the beams.

=================Thankyou=================