Creating various 3D Models like Furniture, Footing, Girder, Column drop with panel and Gable Wall in AutoCad

AIM:-

1. To create 3D model and view of furniture element
2. To create 3D model and view of Isolated footing
3. To create 3D model and view of AASTHO type girder
4. To create 3D model and view of Drop column with panel
5. To create 3D model and view of a Wall.

INTRODUCTION:-

• AutoCAD 3d is a powerful CAD software, which is made use of for the architectural style and mechanical design. It has one of the best toolboxes and features to sustain 2D drawings. Nevertheless, when it involves a 3D layout, it is impressive, with its 3D providing attribute that offers sensational and vivid outputs.

COMMANDS USED:-

• UCS
• Extrude
• Box
• Union
• Subtract
• Intersection
• Move
• 3d orbit
• Loft
• Sweep
• Cone
• Boundary
• Region

Those commands are briefly illustrated below:-

• UCS:- To define your UCS manually, just click two points to define the orientation of the X axis. To set your UCS based on the the angle of an object in your drawing, such as a polyline, click that object. As you move the cursor up or down, you'll see a line extending 90 degrees from the object you selected.
• Extrude:- Creates a 3D solid from an object that encloses an area, or a 3D surface from an object with open ends. Objects can be extruded orthogonally from the plane of the source object, in a specified direction, or along a selected path.
• Presspull:- The PRESSPULL command will extrude a 2D object into a 3D object, or extend a 3D surface. When using the PRESSPULL command with a 2D object, the 2D object will remain in the drawing. BOX – The BOX command will allow you to create a 3D box by selecting 3 points in the X, Y, and Z axes.
• Union:- The Union command is used to combine the selected 2D regions or 3D solids by the addition. The selected parts are combined to form a single region, surface, or solid. But, we are required to select the parts of the same object. We can select two or more parts to combine it into a single region, solid or surface.
• Subtract:- Select the objects that you want to keep, press Enter, then select the objects that you want to subtract. Objects in the second selection set are subtracted from objects in the first selection set. A single new 3D solid or surface is created.
• Intersection:- On the ribbon, choose Draw > Apparent Intersection Snap (in Entity Snaps). On the menu, choose Tools > Entity Snap > Apparent Intersection Snap. On the Entity Snaps toolbar, click the Apparent Intersection Snap tool. Type apparent and then press Enter.
• Move:- Select the objects and subobjects you want to move using the following methods: Press and hold Ctrl to select subobjects (faces, edges, and vertices). Release Ctrl to select entire objects.
• 3d Orbit:- If you press shift + the wheel of the mouse and move the mouse, you will jump into 3D orbit command without the need to type it. Really useful if working on 3D models.
• Loft:- Creates a 3D solid or surface in the space between several cross sections. Creates a 3D solid or surface by specifying a series of cross sections. The cross sections define the shape of the resulting solid or surface.
• Sweep:- Same as loft, In the same path with the same allignment 3D surface or solid is created.
• Cone:- Draws 3D cones. You can run the CONE command in any localized version of AutoCAD by typing _CONE in the commandline. We can even tapper the top surface with smaller radius.
• Boundary:- With the Boundary command, you can designate a specific area of a drawing for operations such as hatching and dimensioning. You create a boundary polyline by selecting an area inside a closed loop. The area you select can be bounded by a single closed entity or by multiple entities that intersect.
• Region:- t's basically a closed boundary so for example, these objects that we've got in the drawing at the moment, circles, can be converted to a region. A closed polyline, for example, even with arcs on the corners, can be converted to a region.

AIM_1:- To create a 3D model of the furniture element.

PROCEDURE:-

• Open the AutoCAD, click on workspace switching and change it to 3d modelling and click on the home button near the view cube.Set the limits and zoom - all.
• Open AutoCAD, select imperial as the units are in feet and inches. Go to units’ command and set it to engineering, so that feet inches can be inserted.
• Create a box by clicking from the toolbar or box command, click on length, give the length as 3' and width as 2'6".Height is to be specified, give the height as 2'6".

• Select the front face, command "ucs" give the x and y coordinate in the front face horizontally and vertically respectively or click on face and select the front face.Type the command "PLAN" so that the front face is aligned correctly.
• Draw a line of 2" from the right side of the front view .By rectangle command, draw a rectangle of dimension 32" and 2'4" (as the thickness is given as 2").
• Move the rectangle to the line drawn earlier 2" from the right of the face.
• Delete the line created earlier.Now with command "3do" orbit the object and select the rectangle.
• Extrude the rectangle to -z axis 2'4" leaving 2" thickness.Now give the command "Subtract" select the larger object then the smaller extruded rectangle in 2d wireframe model.

• Dimensions are given by dim linear command by switching the UCS.

RESULT:-

• The 3d model of furniture element is created.

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AIM_2:- To create a 3d model of isolated footing.

PROCEDURE:-

• Create a rectangle of 2' x2' on the top view.Create another rectangle of 1'x1' on the top view.

• With command "3do" 3d orbit, orbit the view to a suitable one.With "M” move command move the small rectangle of 1'x1' by 2' in + z direction ,with ortho on.

• Click on the loft from the home toolbar and select the two rectangles to loft.
• Again, go to the top view and create rectangle on top of the bigger rectangle of same size.Click on extrude from the home toolbar and select the created rectangle and give the extrude height as 6" and the direction of extrusion is pointed by the mouse.
• By using UCS command give the dimensions.

RESULT:-

• The 3d model of furniture element is created.

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AIM_3:- To create a 3d model of AASTHO type girder using AutoCAD 3d.

PROCEDURE:-

• Click on front view.Use UCS command and make the x and y axis in the front view plane.
• Then by line command draw the I section with the given dimension.Command 'L”, draw a line of 1' that is the top width of the girder.
• With the line draw a 6" downwards.With snap on draw a line from the center of 1' and offset 3" on both sides such that the width of web becomes 6".
• Give a taper distance and join the web and the flange.Mirror the same on the other side.

• The web is given a height of 1'6", offset the distance 1'6"from the end of tapering of the flange portion (1').Delete the center line drawn for the offset and also trim off the extra lines in flange.
• Extend the web to the offsite line.Again offset 6" from the last line and taper the sides.Mirror the tapered portion to the other side.The sides should be tapered such that the bottom should be 1'6", draw a center line and offset 9" on both sides, then join the taper.
• Offset 6" downwards from the bottom horizontal line to define the height.To draw the taper at bottom 1'4”, from the Centre draw a line and offset 8" on both sides.
• Extend the 6" offsite line and trim the rest of lines.Draw the vertical line downwards and the tapering also.

• With 3d orbit turn the view and draw a line of 10' in z direction.Click on sweep from the home toolbar and select the section and, then the path through which the section to be swept i.e., the line.

RESULT:-

The 3d model of AASTHO type girder using AutoCAD 3d.

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AIM_4:- To draw the 3d model of a drop column with panel section and show its isometric view.

PROCEDURE:-

• Create a circle of diameter 1'6” in the top view.
• Create a region-by-region command and select the rectangle.Extrude it with extrude in home toolbar and give a distance of 10'.

• Create a cone by clicking on cone from the home toolbar. Click on diameter and give the base diameter as 1'6".
• Click on top radius and give the value as 1'6" and give the height of the cone as 1".

• Place the frustum of cone on top of the extruded circle i.e. the column in the front view, with snap option place such that the center of two objects coincide ,also place the center of frustum with center of column in the top view.
• In top view, create a rectangle of dimension 4'6" x4'6".

• Extrude it to a height of 6".

• Move rectangle drawn over the cone.

• In the top view, place the rectangle at the center of cone and also adjust in the front view or give move command and give the coordinate as 0,10',0 as the rectangle is at bottom in the front view.

RESULT:-

• The 3d model of a drop column with panel has been drawn section and isometric view is also shown:

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AIM_5:- To draw a 3d model of wall.

PROCEDURE:-

• Draw a rectangle of 10' x 9".Create a line in the center and offset 1.5" on both sides as 3" is the width of door opening.
• Use the command "BO" for boundary and create the region i.e., both the region on either side.

• Extrude the region to a height of 12'6" total height.of the door opening.

• Create a rectangle in place of door in the top view.Move the rectangle in z axis at a height of 7' from the bottom.

• Go to front view and draw a line from the center of the moved line of door. Draw slanting line from the total height from the center line intersecting the edge.

• Mirror the line to the other side. Draw the horizontal line to join.
• Trim off the excess line and the center line and join the triangle with join command. Create a region with region command in the triangle created.
• Select the extruded rectangle and with the help of grip bring it down to the level of the triangle base on both sided.Extrude the rectangle of door to a height equal to base of triangle.

RESULT:-

• 3d model of wall is drawn.

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OVERALL RESULT:-

• 3d model of furniture element is created.

• 3d model of isolated footing is created.

• 3d model of AASTHO type girder is created.

• Drop column with panel 3d model is created.

• 3d model of wall is created.