Creating a Layout, Section and Elevation with dimensions using AutoCad
1. Create the Plan and Sections as shown in the Figures. Use proper dimension techniques and dimension styles to document the project. Assume the sizes of the doors and windows as per construction standards. Refer to sections for stair details if required.
Aim:- To draw the floor plans and sections using the proper dimension techniques and dimension styles to document the project.
Introduction:-
Plan and Sections are different types of drawings used by architects to graphically represent a building design and construction.
A plan drawing is a drawing on a horizontal plane showing a view from above.
An Elevation drawing is drawn on a vertical plane showing a vertical depiction.
A section drawing is also a vertical depiction but one that cuts through space showing what lies within.
Commands used:-
Limits command
Line command
Offset command
Hatch command
Dimlinear command
Dimstyle command
Units command
Extend command
Fillet command
Trim command
Join command
Line weight command
Line type command
Object snap command
Line: Draw lines in AutoCAD
Polygon: Draws polygons with three or more sides
Rectangle: Used to draw rectangles
Circle: Command used to draw circles
Ellipse: Used to draw ellipse.
Erase – Erase object in the drawing area
Copy – Used to copy one or more objects
Mirror – Command used to mirror an exact duplicate of an object.
Offset – Used to offset one object from another a distance you specify
Extend – Used to extend one line to another
Array – Use to make a rectangular or polar array of an object
Move – Used to move objects around in the drawing area
Rotate – Used to rotate an object around a base point
Scale – Command used to make an object larger or smaller
Trim – Command used to trim an object from another object
Chamfer – Used to put a chamfer between two lines
Fillet – Used to put a fillet between two lines of a radius you specify
STEPS FOR DRAWING PLAN-
Open auto Cad and enter UN (Units command) in the command box and select type as decimal and set precision of decimal as 0
Select X line command and draw horizontal line and vertical line.
Trim the unwanted lines.
Now select offset command and give an offset of 250mm to both horizontal and vertical line drawn by X line.
Give the offsets as follows in the X direction.
Offset 3100 for bedrom.
Offset 125 for internal wall.
Offset 2250 for kitchen/ drawing room / dining room.
Offset 125 for internal wall.
Offset 1250 for both toilet
Offset 250 for external wall.
Give the offsets as follows in the X direction.
Offset 3100 for bedroom.
Offset 125 for internal wall.
Offset 3225 for bedroom.
Offset 250 for wall on both sides of stars.
Offset 250 for treads.
Offset 1200 for landing of staircase.
Offset 2400 for width of staircase.
Offset 2250 for kitchen dining bedroom.
Offset 1000 for veranda.
Next we have to trim the unnessesary lines and objects.
Then we draw the columns with the size of 250mm x 350mm.
The columns are placed where ever they required in the floor plan.
And we specify the column layer with the skyblue colour.
DRAWING OF WINDOWS -
SIZES OF WINDOWS ASSUMED
W1= 1000 X 1200
W2= 1500 X 1200
W3= 1800X 1200
W4= 600 X 1050
W= 1200X 1200
DRAWING OF DOORS-
SIZES OF DOORS ASSUMED-
D= 1200 X 2100
D1= 750 X 2100
D2= 900 X 2100
Windows are drawn by using line command.
Section lines are drawing by using layer and changing the layer type.
Hatch- For hatching the columns type hatch in command box- open settings -select pattern- select pattern as AIR-CONC- select global scale factor as 0.7.
Dimension- For drawing dimension using dimension tool in the ribbon.
Text- For naming of plan use text in ribbon in that use multiline text and keep the height of text as 220.
Finally we indicate the rooms using the single text command.
And again we have tto provide the dimrnsions for the given floor plan using the dimlinear command.
And also draw the section lines as given in the figure, and also indicate the doors and windows.
Results:-
STEPS FOR DRAWING SECTION AA-
Select x line command and extend the lines from the plan in the downward manner to create projections.
Offset 150mm from the ground level.
Offset 2450 for ground floor.
Offset 2850 for second floor.
Offset 2850 for second floor.
Offset 2850 for third floor.
Offset 1000 for parapet wall.
Offset 2500 from terrace level fo mumty.
Offset 450 from mumty for parapet wall of mumty.
Offset 600 and offset 1200 for O.T.H.
For drawing of staircase offset 1250 for tread and offset 143.75 for rse of staircase.
Offset 125 below floor level for slab.
Draw the chajjas and windows as per the sizes considered and standards.
Draw the railing of staircase in dash manner from the layers and change the layer to ACADISO03W100.
Gie the dimensions by dim linear or dim continue command.
Select the multiline text for naming of the section.
STEPS FOR DRAWING SECTION BB-
Rotate the entre plan drawn earlier in the 90 degrees direction o draw the section BB.
Select x line command and take the projectors of the rotated plan in the downward manner.
Take the projections of all internal walls of 125 mm and eternal walls of 250mm.
Draw a base line to draw the section BB.
Offset 150 from base line.
Offset 2450 for ground floor.
Offset 2850 for first floor.
Offset 2850 for second floor.
Offset 2850 for third floor.
Offset 1000 for parapet wall.
Thickness of slab is assumed to be 125 mm.
Offset 125 rom each floor in downward manner.
Dimensions- use dim linear or dim continuous for giving the dimensions.
Draw the windows as desired by using the line command.
RESULT:-
The 1st, 2nd and 3rd floor plan and sections using the proper dimension techniques are drawn successfully in the autocad in detailed manner.
