Conceptual design of a building with columns and shear walls

Q1.

Criteria		A	B	C
Restraint of Floor Shrinkage	Observation	Full restraints at all corners	Corners are left free but restraints along the edge	Non-uniform restraints
The lateral stiffness	Observation	Comparatively lower lateral stiffness in both X & Y	Uniform & Comparatively higher lateral stiffness in both X & Y	Non uniform lateral stiffness in X & Y
Torsion with respect to vertical axis	Observation	Corner walls provide more resistance to twist	Edge walls provide good reistance to twist.	Irregular walls provide very poor resistance to twist.
Vertical reinforcement for similar base capacity	Observation	Walls are subjected to nominal flexural moment and heavy twisting moment.	WAlls are subjected to nominal twisting moment.	Walls are subjected to heavy flexural moment & twisting moment

Conclusion

Restraint of Floor Shrinkage For structure A, B & C :

A - Will have higher restraints to shrinkage thus leads to cracks in the floor.

B - It is average

C - Will not effectively restrain the shrinkage so leads to less in cracks

The lateral stiffness For structure A, B & C :

B - Will provide higher lateral stiffness for a pure seismic acceleration in X & Y Direction

Torsion with respect to vertical axis For structure A, B & C :

A - Will be best option with respect to torsional resistance whereas C is the worst one.

Vertical reinforcement for similar base capacity For structure A, B & C :

C - Will require vertical reinforcement & B will require the least.

Q2.

There is a two way eccentricity in the frame along X direction and Y direction also with stiffness the eccentricity in X direction is larger when compared to Y direction.

There is only two continuous frames in the structure that is B1 and B2 in the X direction and B9, B10 and B11,B12 in the Y direction and all other beams are broken at the midway in the frame.

There will be Torsional flexibility in the structure.To avoid torsional restraints it is better to make the room dimensions even in both X and Y direction and placing the columns at the junction of two wall if it is feasible better to provide shear wall at appropriate location.

The fundamental translation mode of vibration is larger than the fundamental torsional mode of vibration.

Q3.

The above plan that is given is totally unsuitable for normal areas and also in Earthquake prone area.

In seismic region the lateral and vertical loads play important criteria because it helps in resisting the failure against the earthquake as the loads. Resultant will not co inside with the center of the mass of the structure it becomes eccentric and not suitable for any type of areas.

In this plan a flat slab is more appropriate than a regular beam column junction as it provides support to the columns without any provision of the beam which reduces the weight of the building and also helps in the ductility which indirectly helps to maintain the structure in the the earthquake prone areas.

Apart from flab slab a wooden structure is also appropriate which reduces the weight of the building and also helps to maintain the structure in the the earthquake prone areas.