Conceptual design of a building with columns and shear walls
1.
The structure will shrink, expand, and crack more as it is more tightly controlled.While there won't be as many cracks in structures B and C, structure A's floors will shrink and expand more.If the structure's shear walls determine that the floor vibration is greater or less, it will be better to place columns at the corners.Instead of having a shear wall at the structure's corner, this will lessen cracks.When compared to structures A and B, structure C has a higher level of torsion because it contains an eccentricity.
Structures A and B have greater redundancy than Structure C does because of the eccentricity in the left side of the wall of Structure C, which prevents it from supporting loads equally in both directions.
Structure C is more laterally stiff than structures A and B in terms of lateral stiffness because of an eccentricity on the left side of the building where a 10-meter-long wall cannot support loads equally in either direction.
2.
The frame has a two-way eccentricity along the X and Y axes, and with stiffness, the eccentricity in the X axis is greater than the eccentricity in the Y axis.
Only the frames B1 and B2 in the X direction and B9, B10, B11, and B12 in the Y direction are continuous; all other beams are broken at the midpoint of the frame.
The structure will be torsionally flexible.Making the room dimensions even in both the X and Y directions can help prevent torsional restrictions. If possible, it is also a good idea to offer a shear wall in the right place and place the columns at the intersection of two walls.
The fundamental translation mode of vibration is larger than the fundamental torsional mode of vibration.
3.
Only the frames B1 and B2 in the X direction and B9, B10, B11, and B12 in the Y direction are continuous; all other beams are broken at the midpoint of the frame.
The structure will be torsionally flexible.Making the room dimensions even in both the X and Y directions can help prevent torsional restrictions. If possible, it is also a good idea to offer a shear wall in the right place and place the columns at the intersection of two walls.
In this design, a flat slab is preferable to a typical beam-column junction because it supports the columns without the need for a beam, lowering the building's weight and enhancing ductility, both of which help to maintain the structure in earthquake-prone areas.
A wooden structure, which is also suitable and helps to preserve the structure in earthquake-prone areas, reduces the weight of the building in addition to the flabby slab.