Conceptual design of a building with columns and shear walls

ANSWER 1

Resistant of floor shrinkage:

Observation:

option A	option B	option C
Full resistant at all corners	corners are left free but restraints along the edge	Non uniform restraints

Conclusion:

option A	option B	option C
will have higher restraint to shrinkage,thus lead to cracks in the floor	average	will not effectively restrain the shrinkage

The lateral stiffness:

Observation:

option A	option B	option C
comparatively lower lateral stiffness in both Xand Y	uniform and comparatively high lateral stiffness in both Xand Y	Non uniform lateral stiffness in both Xand Y

Conclusion:

option B

will provide higher lateral stiffness for a pure seismic acceleration in X and Y directions

Torsion with respect to vertical axis:

Observation:

option A	option B	option C
corner walls provide more resistence to twist	edge walls provide good resistence to twist	irregular walls provide very poor resistence to twist

Conclusion:

option A	option C
will be best option with respect to torsional resistance	it is the worst one

Vertical reinforcement for similar base capacity:

Observation:

option A	option B	option C
walls are subjected to nominal flexural moment and heavy twisting moment	walls are subjected to nominal twisting moment	walls are subjected to heavy flexural moment and heavy twisting moment

Conclusion:

option B	option C
will require the least vertical reinforcement	will require the higher vertical reinforcement

Static eccentricity:

Observation:

option A	option B	option C
structurally symmetric	structurally symmetric	unsymmetric

Conclusion:

option C

will have static eccentricity and it is significant

Systems redundancy:

Observation:

option A	option B	option C
uniform placement of lateral load supports in both the axes	uniform placement of lateral load supports in both the axes	concentrated lateral load supports in both the axes

Conclusion:

option A	option B	option C
more redundant than option c	more redundant than option c	less redundant than option A and C

foundation systems:

Observation:

option A	option B	option C
Due to L shaped walls the geometry of foundation and its design will be critical	walls are in line.Easy to fix the geometry and design of foundation	walls are in line and concentrated easy to fix the geometry of foundation but critical in design

Conclusion:

option A	Option B	option C
Is recommended to have peripheral box foundation	shall be incorporated with isolated footings/strip footings	shall be incorporated with isolated footings/strip footings

Architectural constraints:

Observation:

option A	option B	option C
walls obstract only corners	walls obstract the faces of buildings	vertical wall will not allow passage

Conclusion:

option A	Option B	option C
Is the preferred one(architecturally speaking)	Is subjected to discussion(architecturally speaking)	will not be accepted both architecturally and commercially

ANSWER 2

Issues in the given framing plan:

Indirect lateral load transfer in Xand Ydirctions:

The beams are connecting to another beams which is ineffective during lateral load transfer in such conditions ,the primary beam is prone to shear failure.

Eccentricity:

The longer the distance between center of mass and center of stiffness ,the higher torsional moment of building.As per the given eccentricity ,the building is subjected to higher torsional moment(Torsional flexibility )in both Xand Y directions.

Strong beam weak column possibility:

The size of columns majorly mentioned as 25cm *25cm.But all the beams have much deeper section (50cm).Inertia of beam is visually higher than the column .if the column reinforcement is adequately greater than that of beams ,we are okay and since we dont hane the reinforcement deatil ,this is doubtful.It is recommended to have slight bigger sizes for column.

Alternate scheme:

Answer 3

Observations in the given framing plan :

Floor plan :

The floor plan of building is not neither uniform or symmetric .So naturally any lateral load induced in the floor will not have 100% influence in same direction .Definitely a special lateral load resisting system for these torsional moments should be recommended

Random internal columns:

Since the internal columns are random they are unable to transfer lateral loads efficiently and cannot achieve desirable building response.So we have to assume and design those columns for only garvity loads.

Floor to floor variations in partition walls and beams:

Partition walls provide an important mass control in a building and beams play key role in shear transfer from floor to beam.All these elements are not in order .So heavy distortion and distribution of lateral loads will happen

Suggestion on the Lateral load system & Its foundation:

• Heavy torsional forces should be controlled by respective lateral load system. So "Corner Shear walls" are suggested.
• The proportion of floor area is on the left side than the right side (Irregular quadrilateral). So Corner shear walls on the left side should be heavier than the right.
• Corner Shear walls shall preferably be supported over a box foundation. Shear walls should be connected by Link beams to transfer shear from one to the other.
• The internal columns shall be supported by isolated footings. Those isolated footings can be connected with Shear walls through Tie beams.

Proposed schematic plan of lateral load system: