Comparison of bending in beams

Aim :- To design the Rectangular,I-section & C-section beams and for a particular load value analyse the bending/deflection in the beam

Objective :-

• To model three types of beam ( Rectangular beam , I-section beam & C-section beam )
• For the load value of 1500N analyse the deflection/bending for the above following beams
• To compare the results of stress, displacement and strain for all the three beam and suggest the best out of the three.

Theory :-

A beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads applied laterally to the beam's axis. Its mode of deflection is primarily by bending. The loads applied to the beam result in reaction forces at the beam's support points. The total effect of all the forces acting on the beam is to produce shear forces and bending moments within the beam, that in turn induce internal stresses, strains and deflections of the beam. Beams are characterized by their manner of support, profile (shape of cross-section), equilibrium conditions, length, and their material.

3D Model :-

• On the basis of the dimensions provided the three beams were sketched and are shown below
• boss extrude length is 400mm for all

• Rectangular Beam :-

• I-Section Beam :-

• C-Section Beam :-

Procedure :-

• For all the three beams the part material was selected as Alloy steel
• The fixtures command is used to fix the one vertical face so as to perform the bending operation
• Load of 1500N was applied on the smaller face in each case
• Mesh value was selected as 6mm ( ie the manual mesh )
• Finally the results for stress,strain & displacement were obtained for the each case

• Case-1 ( Rectangular Beam ) :-

• Case-2 ( I-Section Beam ) :-

• Case-3 ( C-Section Beam ) :-

Result :-

• Thus we have studied bending of the different beams
• Modeled the rectangular, I & C-section beam and ran the bending simulation for each case
• Lastly obtained the results of stress,strain and displacement for each case.

• Below shown is the results for stress,strain and displacement for each case.
• Case-1 ( Rectangular Beam ) :-
• ue to vertical load applied on the beam the deflection/bending in the beam is observed
• The max stress value obtained is = 9.619 N/mm^2
• The max strain value was 0 as 2.993e-005 = 0.00002993
• The max displacement in this case is = 0.031mm

• Case-2 ( I-Section Beam ) :-
• Due to vertical load applied on the beam the deflection/bending in the beam is observed
• The max stress value obtained is = 22.707 N/mm^2
• The max strain value was 0 as 7.705e-005 = 0.00007705
• The max displacement in this case is = 0.086mm

• Case-3 ( C-Section Beam ) :-
• Due to vertical load applied on the beam the twisting is seen in the beam structure
• The max stress value obtained is = 41.673 N/mm^2
• The max strain value was 0 as1.406e-005 = 0.00001406
• The max displacement in this case is = 0.302mm

Conclusion :-

• It is observed that the stress values compared to all the three beam is less for the rectangular beam but rectangular beam has more mass compared to other two
• High stress values is seen for the C-section beam , also twisting in the beam is observed
• Also the mass of the C-section beam compared to two other is too less so it is not suitable
• The I-Section beam has moderate stress and displacement values and has moderate mass value so the best suited beam should be considered as the I-section beam