Project Steady state simulation of flow over a throttle body

Abstract
In this project, a flow inside a curve pipe with a throttle inside was simulated using CONVERGE Studio and view the results of the simulation. After the simulation, the project was post-processed in ParaView to understand the results visually. Visualization was taken from ParaView and Plots were made in Converge Studio.

Introduction
The purpose of this simulation was to simulation the flow inside a elbow pipe and see the flow behavior of a steady throttle inside the elbow pipe.

Methods
The elbow pipe with the throttle inside file in stereolithography (.stl) format was provided as shown in Figure 1.

FIGURE 1 Geometry mesh shown in ParaView.

Case Set-up
Case was set-up as previous simulations, which can be found here - https://bit.ly/2XxaIA1, except for initial condition. Inlet was assigned 150 kPa pressure and Outlet was assigned 100 kPa pressure. Base grid size was used, i.e. 0.002 for all three direction. Additionally, fixed embedding was used on Bounday 2 (the throttle) to get fine mesh near the throttle.

Results and Discussion
Figure 1 - 4 shows the velocity and pressure contour of the flow. As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, it is clear that high velocity region has low pressure and vice-versa. This agress with Bernoulli Equation that pressure is inversely proportional to flow velocity.

FIGURE 1 Velocity contour at the last cycle.

FIGURE 2 Velocity contour near the throttle at the last cycle.

FIGURE 3 Pressure contour at the last cycle.

FIGURE 4 Pressure contour near the throttle at the last cycle.

FIGURE 5 Mesh view.

FIGURE 6 Mesh view near the throttle.

FIGURE 7 Velocity Plot.

FIGURE 8 Mass Flow Plot.

FIGURE 9 Pressure Plot.

FIGURE 10 Total Cell Count Plot.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the simulation ran successfully showing the steady-state flow behavior in a elbow pipe with a steady throttle. It was observe that the low velocity region has high pressure and low pressure region had high velocity. From Figure 7 - 10, one can observe that the simulation reaches steady-state after 5,000 cycles - 15,000 cycles was to completely assure that the simulation reaches steady-state.