Project 2 - Emission characterization on a CAT3410 engine

Objectives:-

To run simulation of two pistons with different profiles on a CAT 3410 engine and to compare their respective parameters.

Theory:-

The CAT 3410 engine is a heavy duty diesel engine produced by caterpillar. This engine is generally used for industrial applications. The geometry of the piston head plays a vital role in altering the compression ratio apart from the design of the cylinder head. The way the combustion process occurs also depends on the design and cumbustion chamber, not to mention the variation in emissions. The animations performed on the two types of pistons show the different profiles influence the combustion process occuring inside the cylinder.

Calculations:

The bore, stroke and compression ratio are the same for the pistons.

Hence , Vd and Vc are calculated as follows-

1. Open W piston

2 Omega Piston

Animation and Graphical represntation of the emission

1. Hiroy Soot

Open W Piston

Open W Piston

Omega Piston

The above graphs represents the quantity of soot being formed during combustion with the open W and Omega piston. It is evident that quantity is slightly higher with the open w piston. The former peaks out at about 2.25e-6 where the latter peaks at around 1.7e-6.

2. Nox

Open W Piston

Omega Piston

The quantity of NOX being emitted is higher with the omega piston as oppsed to the open w piston. In the first graph the quantity peaks to the vincity of 3.5e-6 and stays there till the end of the process. On the other hand in the second graph the quantity takes a huge leap at 0 degree of crank rotation over 8e-6 and remains steady for the rest of the period.

3. C7H16

The overall quantity of hydrocarbons produced during the combustion process is higher in open w Piston. Here the quantity starts increasing rapidaly at about -10 degree of crank rotation untill 8e-05 and then plunges below 2e-05 from where it gradualy starts decreasing and remains steady below 1e-05. where as in the second graph the quantity is the hightest around the 6.5e-06 mark. The quantity drops drastically after combustion and stay at 0 till the end of the cycle.

Results:

This expt primarly shows how the piston profile can influence the emission. Its obvious that complete combustion of any fuel produes lesser emissions as compared to incomplete combustion of that respective fuel. The piston profile thus play a significant role in how the combustion process occures and quantity of emission being emitted. the difference in IMEP and the work done can also be observed the two pistons. The animation in paraview gives us a clear visual distincation of the combustionb process involving the two profiles and the respective pollutants