Sketch a G+1 residential plan according to Vaastu Shastra and Calculation of Loads as per IS code
Aim
To draw a G+1 floor residential plan according to the Vaastu shastra and the essential structural drawing needed to be provided to the site for construction.
Introduction
- Vaastu shastra is the ancient science of architecture and acts as a guideline to design a home that enhances positive energy.
- A good home needs to radiate the right kind of energy. A person dwelling in a house comes under the influence of a specific energy field which in turn influences him.
- Vaastu shastra and ancient science propound such theories based on direction, architecture, astronomy and even astrology.
Therefore, it is very crucial to understand the link between the healing act of Vaastu and our homes in spreading positivity and good vibes.
- Basic principles of Vaastu shastra:
- Shape: Rooms should be preferably square or rectangular.
- Room basics: Rooms should be airy, well-lit, bright and clean.
- Home centre: Centre of the house should be an empty space.
- Stairs and furniture: Heavy furniture should be kept in the southwest direction.
- Water: Avoid keeping plants and water features in the bedroom.
- Dining table: The dining space should be near the kitchen and not near the main door.
- Mirror placement: Mirror-facing beds are strictly not allowed. Mirrors in the bedroom should be placed in such a way that the bed cannot be seen.
Procedure
- G+1 floors residential plan is given below.
- Structural drawings that are to be delivered to the site for construction include:
- Centerline drawing.
- Footing and column layout with reinforcement details.
- Column schedule with reinforcement details.
- Plinth beam layout with reinforcement details.
- First-floor beam layout with reinforcement details.
- First-floor slab layout with reinforcement details.
- These above-mentioned drawings will assist the site engineer to carry out the construction process in a systematic manner.
Result
- G+1 floors residential plan is drawn by following the basic principles of Vaastu shastra.
- The list of drawings that are required for the systematic progress of construction work is also mentioned.
CALCULATION OF LOADS ON THE STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
Aim
- To calculate the load coming on a structural member like column, beam, slab and walls.
Introduction
- Structural loads are forces applied to the structural components and are important considerations in the design of buildings.
- Loads cause stresses, deformations and displacements in the structure.
- Assessment of these is carried out by structural analysis.
- Excess load may cause structural failure.
- Building codes require structures to be built to safely resist all the forces during their service life.
- Structural loads are split according to their originating cause into dead load and live load, particularly in safety calculations.
- To meet the requirements that are, higher design strength than maximum loads, building codes prescribe that for structural design, loads are increased by load factors.
- These load factors are roughly a ratio of theoretical design strength to the maximum load expected in service life.
- Indian codes and standards used for the design:
- IS456:2000; Revised 2016 for reinforced concrete structures.
- IS857:1987; Revised 2018 (Part I) for dead load.
- IS857:1987; Revised 2008 (Part II) for live load.
- IS857:1987; Revised 2015 (Part III) for wind load.
- IS1893:2016; (Part I) for seismic load.
- IS13920:1993; for seismic detailing.
Procedure
Dead load calculation as per IS857:1987 (Part I)
1. Column:
Assume the size of the column as 400mm*300mm
Let the height of the column be 3.6m
So, the total volume of column = 0.4*0.3*3.6 = 0.432m^3
Unit weight of concrete = 25KN/m^3
Hence, the dead load of the column = 25*0.432 = 10.8KN per floor.
2. Beam:
Assume the cross-section of the beam as 300mm*450mm
So, the area of the cross-section = 0.3*0.45 = 0.135m^2
Unit weight of the concrete = 25KN/m^3
Hence, the dead load of beam = 25*0.135 = 3.375KN/m
3. Slab:
Assume the thickness of the slab as 200mm
Considering an area of the slab as 1m^2
Unit weight of concrete = 25KN/m^3
Hence, the dead load of the slab = 25*0.2*1 = 5KN
4. Wall:
Thickness of the wall is 300mm
Height of the wall is 3.6m
Unit weight of brick masonry is 20KN/m^3
Hence, the dead load of the wall = 20*0.3*3.6 = 21.6KN/m (for ground floor)
Live load calculation as per IS857:1987 (Part II)
For residential buildings, live load values are given as follows:
Dwelling house Uniformly distributed Concentrated load
load (UDL), (KN/m^2) (KN)
1. All rooms and kitchen. 2.0 1.8
2. Toilet and bathrooms. 2.0 -
3. Corridors, passages, and staircases including
the tire escapes and store rooms. 3.0 4.5
4. Balconies. 3.0 1.5 per metre run
concentrated at the
outer edge.
Wind load calculation as per IS857:1987 (Part III)
According to the code, it is necessary to calculate the wind load only if the height of the building exceeds 10m. Here, the height of the building is 7.2m, which is less than 10m. Hence there is no need of calculating the wind load.
Result
Dead load calculated as per the code, IS857:1987 (Part I) is obtained as follows:
- The dead load of the column = 10.8KN per floor.
- The dead load of the beam = 3.375KN/m.
- The dead load of the slab = 5KN.
- The dead load of the wall = 21.6KN/m.
Live load for a residential building is obtained from Table 1: Imposed loads for different occupancies; of IS857:1987 (Part II)
Wind load is calculated as per the code IS857:1987 (Part III). Since the height of the building does not exceed 10m, it is not calculated.