Project

Data sheet not available. Few inputs assumed for calculation.

i, ii, iii, iv, v.) --> refer excel answer sheet.

vi.) --> welding can be used for cell to cell interconnection. Spot welding can be used. More effiecient current flow can be ensured in this method.

vii) --> Aging test like life cycle, capacity fade and calendar.

Performance test like dynamic load and HPPC.

Safety test like cell short circuit, cell overcharge, cell nail penetration and fire resistance.

Above tests performed for batter mechanical stability and safety.

viii.) --> when the battery pack ages after a period of time and cannot be used anymore then Pyro recycle method to applied.

Pyro recycle: used battery directly sent to refining or mining company.

ix.) -->

Reasons of thermal runaway:

1. Internal resistence

2. cell performance characteristics.

Over charging, over heating, internal short circuit and external short circuit etc.

Prevention method:

Thermal management system (TMS): System which maintains battery pack temperature between safe operating area.

maintain safety and efficiency.

safe operating temp. 25-35 deg. cel.

Types of TMS: Active & Passive.

Passive: No external sources required. Natural convection used for heat transfer.

phase change material or natural air cooling used.

Active: external sources required for forceful conveciton.

Liquid cooling and Air coooling used.

in liquid cooling two methods: direct and indirect.

in air cooling: fan used for cooling.