Creation of geometries by Coordinate system methods using AutoCad

TASK: Create the geometries from P1 to P2 using all the coordinates system methods. You need to use the Line tool to create the geometries. Where required you need to use the circle tool.

Please read the drawings and find out the missing dimensions before working on the sketches.

Note: Use the Imperial Template and the Decimal Units to draft the features. Dimensions are there for references.

AIM:

(A) To Create the geometries from P1 to P2 using all the coordinates system methods and P3 to P10 by any one coordinate system

(B) To Draw the profile and the trusses using any coordinate system methods. The dimensions are there for reference.

INTRODUCTION:

Before going to the drawing, we should know about the coordinates systems :

In Autocad, there are two coordinate systems, i.e., Cartesian and polar. To these coordinate systems, the absolute and relative coordinates of Autocad are applicable.

Coordinate Systems: Coordinate system is a system where numbers are used to determine the unique position of points and/or other geometric elements. Also coordinates in AutoCAD can be set by mouse, input (setting) the values of coordinates in the command line and enter coordinates using dynamic input.

There are three types of coordinate systems. They are :

1. Absolute coordinate systems

2. Relative coordinate systems

• a) Relative rectangular coordinates
• b) Relative polar coordinates

3. Direct distance entry

1. Absolute Coordinate System: In this system, all points are established at some distance in the x&yaxis (sometimes z-axis) from a common origin (usually 0,0).

2. Relative Coordinate System: The location of a Relative coordinate is defined by its distance from a reference point. In AutoCAD, when using this system the first point of the drawing/geometry is always absolute, i.e. it is established with respect to origin (0.0), and then all the successive positions are established with respect to their preceding point. This system is further classified as

a) Relative rectangular coordinates: It is a coordinate system that specifies each point by a pair of numerical coordinates in the x-axis and y-axis. In this system, the points succeeding the first point are typed in as '@x,y' in the command line.

b) Relative polar coordinates: This system specifies the distance (length) and angle of a particular point with respect to its previous point. In the Relative polar coordinate system, points are established by typing @distance

3. Direct distance entry method: It is another popular method used for drawing different shapes/geometries in AutoCAD. The direct distance entry method enables the user to draw an object by simply pointing the cursor in the desired direction and entering the required distance in the command line.

Commands used:

1. Line command

2. Dimlinear command

3. Text command

4. Circle command

PROCEDURE:

Starting AutoCAD software:

• Go to START MENU, select AutoCAD 2013
• Click on START DRAWING
• In the Command line type in: STARTUP [ENTER]
• Enter new value of startup: 1
• Go to Application Menu and select New
• In the 'Create New Drawing' dialog box, select the 'Imperial system in the 'Start from Scratch' option.
• Next select the 'Decimal unit system from the 'Advanced Setup' option.
• Set the limits by entering LIMITS in the Command tab. The lower-left corner is specified as 0,0, and the upper-right corner is specified as 100,100.

[Note: The above procedure is followed each time a new drawing is to be created.]

(A) To Create the geometries from P1 to P2 using all the coordinates system methods:

I. Drafting the geometry for P1 by using all Coordinates System methods:

a) Absolute Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 8,1

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 8,2

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 3,2

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 3,6

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 8,6

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 8,7

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 2,7

10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Command: z
ZOOM
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model. Command: _line
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 8,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 8,2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 3,2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 3,6
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 8,6
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 8,7
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 2,7
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: C

b) Relative Rectangular Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @6,0

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,1

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @-5,0

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,4

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @5,0

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @0,1

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @-6,0

10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Command: z
ZOOM
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model. Command: _line
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: @6,0
Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-5,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,4
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @5,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-6,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

c) Relative Polar Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @6<0

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @1<90

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @5<180

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @4<90

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @5<0

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @1<90

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @6<180

10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Command: z
ZOOM
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model.
Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: @6<0
Specify next point or [Undo]: @1<90
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @5<180
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @4<90
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @5<0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @1<90
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @6<180
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

d) Direct Distance Entry method:

1. Select the Line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'LINE' command in the command tab

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1 in the command line

3. Enter the length of point 2 as 6 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis

4. Enter the length of point 3 as 1 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis

5. Enter the length of point 4 as 5 in the command line towards the -ve x-axis

6. Enter the length of point 5 as 4 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis

7. Enter the length of point 6 as 5 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis

8. Enter the length of point 7 as 1 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis

9. Enter the length of point 8 as 6 in the command line towards the -ve x-axis

10. Then for the last point, Click "Close' on the command line.

Command: z
ZOOM
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model.
Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 6
Specify next point or [Undo]: 1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 4
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 6
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c
Command:
Automatic save to C:UsersSupriya DasappdatalocaltempDrawing1_1_1_0453.sv$ ...
Command:

Result:-

II. Drafting the geometry for P2 by using all Coordinates System methods :

a) Absolute Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 5,1

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 5,5

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 6,5

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 6,1

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 9,1

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 7,8

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 4,8

10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model.
Command: 2,1
Unknown command "2,1". Press F1 for help.
Command:
Command:
Command: _line
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 5,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 5,5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 6,5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 6,1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 9,1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 7,8
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 4,8
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

b) Relative Rectangular Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @3,0

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,4

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @1,0

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,-4

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @3,0

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @-2,7

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @-3,0

10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model.
Command:
Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut menu.
Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: @3,0
Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,4
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @1,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-4
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @3,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-2,7
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-3,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

c) Relative Polar Coordinate System:

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @3<0

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @4<90

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @1<90

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @4<270

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @3<0

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @7<106

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @3<180

10. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model.
Command:
Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut menu. Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: @3<0
Specify next point or [Undo]: @4<90
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @1<0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @4<270
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @3<0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @7<106
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @3<180
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

d) Direct Distance Entry method:

1. Select the Line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'LINE' command in the command tab

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1 in the command line

3. Enter the length of point 2 as 3 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis

4. Enter the length of point 3 as 4 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis

5. Enter the length of point 4 as 1 in the command line towards the -ve x-axis

6. Enter the length of point 5 as 4 in the command line towards the +ve y-axis

7. Enter the length of point 6 as 3 in the command line towards the +ve x-axis

8. Enter the length of point 7 as 7 in the command line at an angle of <106 from the +ve x-axis while keeping polar tracking on.

9. Enter the length of point 8 as 3 in the command line towards the -ve x-axis

10. Then for the last point, Click "Close' on the command line.

Regenerating model.
Command: 2,1
Unknown command "2,1". Press F1 for help.
Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 3
Specify next point or [Undo]: 4
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 4
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 3
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: <106
Angle Override: 106
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 7
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 3
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

Result:-

III. Drafting the geometry for P4 by using Absolute Coordinate System :

Steps :

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 3,1

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 3,5

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 5,3

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 7,5

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 7,1

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 8,1

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 8,8

10. Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as 7,8

11. Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as 5,5

12. Specify the next coordinate of point 11 as 3,8

13. Specify the next coordinate of point 12 as 2,8

14. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Command:
Command: LIMITS
Reset Model space limits:
Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <0'-0.0",0'-0.0">: 0,0
Specify upper right corner <1'-0.0",24'-9.0">: 100,100
Command: z
ZOOM
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model.
Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 3,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 3,5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 5,3
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 7,5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 7,1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 8,1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 8,8
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 7,8
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 5,5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 3,8
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 2,8
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c
Zero length line created at (0'-2.0", 0'-1.0", 0'-0.0")
Command: '_dimstyle

Result:-

IV. Drafting the geometry for P5 by using Relative Rectangular Coordinate System :

Steps :

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @1,0

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,7

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @5,0

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,-6

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @-3,0

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @0,-1

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @4,0

10. Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as @0,8

11. Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as @-7,0

12. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Command: LIMITS
Reset Model space limits:
Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <0'-0.0",0'-0.0">: 0,0
Specify upper right corner <1'-0.0",24'-9.0">: 100,100
Command: z
ZOOM
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model.
Command: _line
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: @1,0
Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,7
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @5,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-6
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-3,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @4,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,8
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-7,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

Result:-

V. Drafting the geometry for P7 by using Absolute Coordinate System:

Steps :

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 2,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 10,1

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 10,7

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 2,7

6. Click 'Close' on the command line

7. Select the Line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 3,2

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 5,2

10. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 5,5

11. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 3,5

12. Click 'Close' on the command line

13. Select the Line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab

14. Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as 6,2

15. Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as 8,2

16. Specify the next coordinate of point 11 as 8,5

17. Specify the next coordinate of point 12 as 6,5

18. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Reset Model space limits:
Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <0'-0.0000",0'-0.0000">: 0,0
Specify upper right corner <1'-0.0000",0'-9.0000">: 100,100
Command: z
ZOOM
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model.
Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 2,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 10,1
Specify next point or [Undo]: 10,7
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 2,7
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c
Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 3,2
Specify next point or [Undo]: 5,2
Specify next point or [Undo]: 5,5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 3,5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c
Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 6,2
Specify next point or [Undo]: 8,2
Specify next point or [Undo]: 8,5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 6,5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

Result:-

VI. Drafting the geometry for P8 by using Relative Rectangular Coordinate System:

Steps :

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 0,0

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @10,0

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @0,2

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @-4,0

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @0,4

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as @3,0

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as @0,2

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @-8,0

10. Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as @0,-2

11. Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as @3,0

12. Specify the next coordinate of point 11 as @0,-4

13. Specify the next coordinate of point 12 as @-4,0

14. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] : a
Regenerating model.
Command: L
LINE
Specify first point: 0,0
Specify next point or [Undo]: @10,0
Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-4,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,4
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @3,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-8,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @3,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-4
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-4,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

Result:-

VII. Drafting the geometry for P9 by using Absolute Coordinate System:

Steps :

1. Select the line tool from the ribbon tab or by entering the 'Line' command in the command tab.

2. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 1,1

3. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as 6,1

4. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as 6,3

5. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as 3,3

6. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as 3,2

7. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 2,2

8. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 2,4

9. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as 5,4

10. Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as 5,6

11. Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as 1,8

12. Then for the last point, Click 'Close' on the Command Line

Result:-

Steps for creating the geometry in P-10 using Relative Polar coordinate system

i. Select the Line tool by entering 'LINE' command in the command tab.

ii. Specify the starting coordinate of point 1 as 1,1 in the command line.

iii. Specify the next coordinate of point 2 as @2<0 in the command line.

iv. Specify the next coordinate of point 3 as @3<90 in the command line.

v. Specify the next coordinate of point 4 as @3<0 in the command line.

vii. Specify the next coordinate of point 6 as 5-180 in the command line.

viii. Click 'Close' on the command line.

vi. Specify the next coordinate of point 5 as @4<90 in the command line.

ix. Select the Line tool by entering 'LINE' command in the command tab.

xi. Specify the next coordinate of point 8 as @3<0 in the command line.

x. Specify the next coordinate of point 7 as 5,2 in the command line.

xii. Specify the next coordinate of point 9 as @2<90 in the command line.

xiii. Specify the next coordinate of point 10 as @3<180 in the command line.

xiv. Click 'Close' on the command line.

Result:-