Creating the 2D and 3D meshing for the given models

1. To calculate the speed of sound in steel rail.

SPEED OF SOUND IN SOLIDS:

The speed of sound waves depends on the compressibility and inertia of the medium through which they are travelling.If the medium has the elastic modulus E and density ρ then,speed c is given by:

• Young\'s modulus of steel (E) = 210 GPa
• Density of steel (ρ) = 7800 kg/m³

Therefore the speed of sound in steel= 5188.7 m/s.

2. To calculate the time takes for a shock wave to travel from one end of the rail to the other when the length of the rail is 1000mm.

• Length of the rail = 1000mm.
• Speed of sound in steel rail = 5188.74 mm/ms.

The time takes for a shock wave to travel from one end of the rail to the other is given by,

In other words, Time=distance/speed.

The time takes for a shock wave to travel from one end of the rail to the other = 0.19272 milli seconds

3. To calculate the time for sound to travel length of rail.

• Length of the rail =1000mm.
• speed of sound in air=5188.74m/s = 5188.74mm/ms.

Therefore time for sound to travel the length of the rail is given by,

= 0.19272 ms.

4. Edit the engine file so that the stress wave can be monitored, moving from one end of the rail to the other during impact -this will require a termination time equal to the time it takes for the sound to travel the length of the rail(set on/RUN card)

• Importing the given file to hyperworks.

• Checking the unit system in the given file. open the .rad file in Notepad

The unit of time in the given file is in milli-seconds (ms).

• Setting the termination time.

In solver browser go to ENG_RUN and set the termination time Tstop=0.19272

5.Set the frequency of animation output to a time that will give 20 animation steps(/ANIM/DT)

To get 20 animation steps,

6. To Change /print -10.

• The print is set to -10.
• set N_print to -10.

• Edited .rad file

7. 3d meshing tetra mesh and hex mesh

• Target tet size=5mm,hex size=10mm,tet collapse=0.15.

Part 1: Housing (tetra mesh)

COVER:

HUB:

HOUSING:

Target size= 5mm

Minimum Tet collapse=1.983

3D Tetra meshing has been completed satisfying the given conditions.

Part 2: Arm Bracket (hex mesh)

BASE:

ARM CURVE:

ARM STRAIGHT:

BOSS:

ARM BRACKET:

Hex size= 10 mm

3D Hex meshing has been completed satisfying the given conditions.