Comparison of Bending in Beams
AIM:
To do bending analysis on three different types of beams of different sections such as rectangular, I-section, C-section considered as a cantilever beam with one side fixed.
To compare the stress, strain and dispalcement after analysis and mass propeties and determine the best design under the boundary conditions.
PROCEDURE:
2D Model of the Beams:
Case 1:
Case 2:
Case 3:
(All Dimensions are in mm)
- You need to extrude the sketches to a length of 400mm
- Apply a load of 1500N on the smaller face(i.e. 45mm face for case 1, 40mm face for case 2 and 45 mm face for case 3)
- Use a 6mm mesh with default tolerance values
- Material applied- Allow Steel
- Peform a linear static analysis
- Compare the results and derive the plots
CASE 1: Rectangular Beam
Maximum Von Mises stress- 96,10,262.00 N/m^2
Minimum Factor of Safety- 64.5583
Deformation Scale- 1300.08
Yield Strength- 620,422,000.000
Mass- 11.09kg
Max Displacement at the end of the face- 0.031024mm
CASE 2: I-Section Beam
Maximum Von Mises stress- 234,75,156.00 N/m^2
Minimum Factor of Safety- 26.4289
Deformation Scale- 470.758
Yield Strength- 620,422,000.000
Mass- 2.36kg
Max Displacement at the end of the face- 0.085544mm
CASE 3: C-Section Beam
Maximum Von Mises stress- 398,65,000.00 N/m^2
Minimum Factor of Safety- 15.5631
Deformation Scale- 149.03
Yield Strength- 620,422,000.000
Mass- 3.22 kg
Max Displacement at the end of the face- 0.303653mm
INFERENCE:
All designs ae safe under the given load and have a much higher yield strength and factor of safety greater than 1. However, The best design would the I section beam because it consumes less mass comapred to other two models. Eventhough, the rectangular beam offers less maximum von mises stress exerted on it it is too heavy and C-section has less body space compared to I- Section beam but it is more prone to experience torsional force and bending. Hence, I-Section stands out as the ideal design.