Basics of Probability and Statistics

Week 6 Challenge - Data Analysis   Aim: The aim of this assignment is to perform file parsing on the given thermodynamic data file. Objective: To perform a compatibility check on the thermodynamic data file that will be used for the file parsing process. To output a plot between any two given parameters in the thermodynamic…

Week 5 Challenge - Curve Fitting   1. What does popt and pcov mean? (Watch the video to get some context) 2. What does np.array(temperature) do? 3. What does the * in *popt mean? 4. Write code to fit a linear and cubic polynomial for the Cp data. Explain if your results are good or bad.  5. What needs to be done…

Week 3 - Solving Second Order Differential Equations (ODEs)   Objective: To write a python program that solves the second order differential equation (ODE) that describes the position of a pendulum with respect to time.    Problem Statement: To solve a second ODE, we need to rewrite the equation as two first…

Week 2 Challenge - Air Standard Cycle   Objective: To plot the PV diagram of an engine operating under the Otto cycle and to calculate the thermal efficiency of the engine.   Problem Statement: To plot the PV diagram of an Otto cycle, we need to calculate the pressures, volumes and temperatures of each stage…

Final Project - Modelling an Electric Vehicle with a Lithium-Ion Battery   Aim: To create a SIMULINK model of an electric vehicle (EV) that is powered by a lithium-ion battery with speed control implementation using a PID controller.   Theory: Electric Vehicles (EVs) are vehicles that are powered by electrical…

Project 2 - Thermal Modelling of a Battery Pack   Aim: For a 10 cell series lithium ion battery model, simulate the thermal effects and compare life cycle performance at various temperatures, charge & discharge rates using MATLAB.     Theory EVs, HEVs and PHEVs are powered by lithium ion cells which…

Week 10 - Thermal Management Aim: To prepare a report summarizing thermal management techniques for electric car battery pack.   Theory A battery pack is one of the most important and expensive components that is used in a HEV, EV and PHEV. The batteries used fall in to the category of secondary type meaning that…

Week 8 Challenge - Multi Cell Battery Pack    Q) How weakest cell limits the usable capacity of the battery pack? What is the solution?   ANS:    Theory The individual cells in a battery pack may have different capacities and hence different relative states of charge (SOCs) and this can be due…

Week 7 Challenge - State of Charge Estimation   Q1) What is coulomb counting? Q2)How does a BMS implement coulomb counting for SOC estimation?     ANS 1: The state of charge (SOC) of a battery is a measure of the available charge or remaining charge in that battery. It is defined as the ratio of the amount…

Week 6 Challenge - Fuel Cell Powered Electric Vehicle   Aim: Make a MATLAB model of fuel cell powered electric vehicle and comment on results.      Theory A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that generates electricity by consuming a fuel. A fuel cell is one of the various energy storage options…

Week 5 Challenge - Battery Characteristics using Drive Cycle   Aim: To simulate a generic battery model's charge discharge using the UDDS drive cycle data     Theory A drive cycle is a data set that shows how the speed of a vehicle varies with time elapsed. This data can be plotted on a graph with the speed…

Week 1 - Undestanding Different Battery Chemistry   Q) Prepare a table which includes materials & chemical reactions occurring at the anode and cathode of LCO, LMO, NCA, NMC, LFP and LTO type of lithium ion cells.   ANS:   Lithium Ion cells are a secondary type meaning that they are rechargeable and…

Project 2 - Design of an Electric Vehicle   Theory An electric vehicle (EV) is defined as a vehicle that uses an electric motor or a traction motor for propulsion as opposed to an internal combustion (IC) engine used by conventional vehicles. Electric vehicles use electricity for power instead of fossil fuels as conventional…

Project 1 - Powertrain for aircraft in runways   Search and list out the total weight of various types of aircrafts.  Is there any difference between the ground speed and the air speed?  Why is it not recommended to use the aircraft's engine power to move it on the ground at the airport?  How is an…

Week 11 Challenge - Braking   For a defined driving cycle, calculate the energy required for braking. Why electric motor can’t develop braking torque at high speed similar to starting? How electric and mechanical brakes are coordinated?  Make a MATLAB program which plots contour of given motor speed, torque…

Week 9 Challenge - Induction Motor 2   Discuss about the equivalent circuit network of induction motor MATLAB model. 3 phase, 50 Hz induction motor, represented by equivalent circuit constants X1 = X2 = 0.1 ohm and R1 = R2 = 0.2 ohm is operated at half of rated voltage and frequency. Calculate the ratio of starting…

Week 8 Challenge: Induction Motor Characteristics   Q1) How induction motor operation is similar to clutch?    Q2) Calculate the starting time of a drive with following parameters:         J=10 kg-m2,        Tm = 15 + 0.5wm        Tl=5+0.6ωm…

Week 7 Challenge: DC Motor Control   Run MATLAB demo ‘Speed control of a DC motor using BJT H-bridge’. Modify the model such that armature current doesn’t shoot up when motor changes direction from forward to reverse.  Refer to help section of ‘The Four-Quadrant Chopper DC Drive (DC7)…

Project 1 - Parsing NASA Thermodynamic Data    Objectives: 1. Write a function that extracts the 14 co-efficients and calculates the enthalpy, entropy and specific heats for all the species in the data file 2. Calculate the molecular weight of each species and display it in the command window. 3. Plot the…

BASICS OF ML & AI - WEEK 2 CHALLENGE   Q1) Calculate all 4 business moments using pen and paper for the below data set.   ANS:   1. First Business Moment - Mean, `mu`   `mu = sum ((X_i)*P(X))` `mu = (0*0.35)+(1*0.25)+(2*0.15)+(3*0.15)+(4*0.10)` `mu = 1.4`   2. Second Business Moment -…

Q1) Which types of power converter circuits are employed in electric and hybrid electric vehicle?      ANS:   There are 4 main categories of power converter circuits which are used in electric and hybrid electric vehicles. They are listed and elaborated upon below:   AC to DC converter This…

Why there is a difference in the formula of variance for population and sample? What is the difference between stratified and clustered sampling? How many different samples can be created out of population of size n? What is the probability of drawing 2 jacks from a pack of cards? What is the probability that both the…

Week 4 : Genetic Algorithm Write a code in MATLAB to optimise the stalagmite function and find the global maxima of the function. Clearly explain the concept of genetic algorithm in your own words and also explain the syntax for ga in MATLAB in your report. Make sure that your code gives the same output, even…

Q) Based on the concepts you have learnt during the forward kinematics routine, go ahead and write code that can solve an otto cycle and make plots for it. Here are the requirements  Your code should create a PV diagram  You should output the thermal efficiency of the engine.   ANS:   Theory…

Q) Write a program to simulate the transient behaviour of a simple pendulum and to create an animation of it\'s motion. ANS:   Theory of Simple Harmonic Motion In engineering mathematics, Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) are used to characterize the transient behavior of systems. In this case, we can do the…